Trial reportBMC medicine2025
Disability-inclusive graduation programme intervention on social participation among ultra-poor people with disability in North Uganda: a cluster randomized trial.
Trial report in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeople with disabilities encounter significant barriers to social participation due to inaccessible environments and negative attitudes. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a comprehensive disability-inclusive graduation (DIG) programme in enhancing social participation among ultra-poor people with disabilities in rural Uganda.
methodsA two-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in four Northern Ugandan districts, involving 96 intervention and 89 control clusters. The DIG intervention encompassed four pillars: Livelihoods, Social Protection, Financial Inclusion, and Social Empowerment. The study identified households with disabilities using the Washington Group Short Set questions, verified by BRAC programme managers, comprising 370 working-age people with disabilities in the intervention group and 321 in the control group at baseline. Treatment clusters received an 18-month DIG intervention from December 2020 to June 2022. Social participation was measured using the SINTEF Participation Question Set at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and 16 months post-intervention, covering household and societal participation domains. Intervention effects were analyzed through linear mixed-effects regression models, reporting minimally adjusted and fully adjusted mean differences (MAMD and FAMD) with 95% confidence intervals.
resultsImmediately after the intervention, the DIG programme showed a positive trend in overall social participation (3.04 point increase in intervention group vs. - 0.29 in control), though not statistically significant in fully adjusted analysis (FAMD = 3.14, 95% CI = (- 1.26, 7.54); p = 0.17), possibly due to sample size limitations and variability in individual responses. A larger improvement in societal participation was observed favouring the intervention group (5.92 point increase versus 0.21 in control), with the fully adjusted analysis approaching statistical significance (FAMD = 5.84, 95% CI = (- 0.01, 11.69); p = 0.05). No significant differences were found in the domain of household participation. At 16 months post-intervention, no significant differences were observed between the intervention and control groups in overall scores or any subdomain, suggesting challenges in maintaining initial improvements over time.
conclusionsThe DIG programme showed short-term positive effects on social participation among ultra-poor people with disabilities, especially in societal engagement. The absence of long-term sustained improvements underscores the complexity of disability inclusion in resource-constrained settings. Future interventions should develop strategies like extended support or booster sessions to maintain initial gains.
trial registrationRegistry for International Development Impact Evaluations (RIDIE-STUDY-ID-626008898983a) and ISRCTN (ISRCTN-78592382).
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