Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40306387›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2025

The associations between dairy intake and chronic liver disease mortality and liver cancer incidence: a prospective cohort study.

Xing Liu, Xinyuan Zhang, Longgang Zhao, Jessica L Petrick, Linda M Liao, Weibing Wang, Na He, Edward Giovannucci, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Katherine A McGlynn and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Xing LiuDepartment of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xinyuan ZhangChanning Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Longgang ZhaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.
Jessica L PetrickSlone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
Linda M LiaoDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Weibing WangDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Na HeDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Edward GiovannucciDepartment of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States.
Zuo-Feng ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Katherine A McGlynnDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Xuehong ZhangDepartment of Nutrition, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address: xuehong.zhang@channing.harvard.edu.

Funding

Decoding mechanisms underlying metabolic dysregulation in obesity and digestive cancer riskU01CA272452 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI GIOVANNUCCI, EDWARD, TOBIAS, DEIRDRE KAY · 2022 to 2025
$6.4M
Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) and Liver Cancer Risk in the United StatesU01CA259208 · NCI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI ZHANG, XUEHONG · 2022 to 2025
$2.9M
Helicobacter Infection and Liver Cancer Risk among African Americans andWhites in the United StatesR37CA262299 · NCI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Xuehong Zhang · 2021 to 2026
$2.4M
Multidisciplinary Study of Folate Intake and Colorectal CancerR21CA252962 · NCI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI ZHANG, XUEHONG · 2021 to 2022
$487k
Proteomics Study of Non-viral Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma RiskR21CA238651 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ZHANG, XUEHONG · 2020 to 2021
$477k
NCI NIH HHS R21 CA238651NCI NIH HHS R21 CA252962NCI NIH HHS R37 CA262299NCI NIH HHS U01 CA259208NCI NIH HHS U01 CA272452
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe incidence and prevalence of chronic liver diseases (CLD) and liver cancer are increasing worldwide.

objectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the associations between the intake levels of high-fat and low-fat dairy products and CLD mortality and liver cancer incidence.

methodsThis study included eligible participants from the NIH-American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study cohort established between 1995 and 1996. Epidemiological data, including dietary factors, were collected using a self-administered validated questionnaire. Portion size and frequency of intake of dairy products were recorded. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the associations.

resultsA total of 485,931 eligible participants, 59.8% male, with an average age of 61.5 y (SD = 5.4 y) at baseline were included in this analysis after excluding those with pre-existing cancer diagnoses or extreme caloric intakes. During a median follow-up of 15.5 y, 993 deaths from CLD and 940 incident liver cancer cases occurred. CLD mortality was positively associated with intake of high-fat dairy [hazard ratio (HR)

conclusionsHigh-fat dairy intake is positively associated with CLD mortality, and low-fat dairy shows an inverse association. Total dairy intake is marginally positively associated with liver cancer, and milk intake is positively associated with HCC.

Indexed as

Dairy ProductsDietLiver DiseasesLiver NeoplasmsAgedChronic DiseaseCohort StudiesDietary FatsFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesDietary Fatscheesechronic liver diseasesdairyhigh-fat dairylow-fat dairymilkmortalityprimary liver canceryogurt

Identifiers

PMID40306387
PMCPMC12308092

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.