ArticlePloS one2025
The influence of after-school tutoring on the mental health of middle school students: A mediating effect test based on sleep deprivation and academic performance.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The impact of school life and holidays on sleep and physical activity patterns in junior high school students: a small-sample longitudinal study using wearable devices.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The synergistic effects of diet and physical activity on sleep quality among Chinese adolescents: A comprehensive cross-sectional study.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- How depression affects school social adaptation: the mediating role of sleep quality and the buffering effect of physical activity.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Although Western studies have shown that adolescents' mental health is intimately linked to after-school tutoring, very few studies have addressed this issue among Chinese adolescents. Herein, this study investigated the effect of after-school tutoring on students' mental health using an empirical method and a mediation-effect test analysis. Based on 3581 China Education Panel Survey samples, results showed that sleep duration and academic performance act as mediators in the effect of after-school tutoring on students' mental health. After-school tutoring leads to depressive emotions in students through sleep deprivation, playing a partial mediating effect (Z = 2.785, p < 0.05). Academic performance is another factor leading to students' depressive emotions, similarly passing the mediation effect test (Z = 2.817, p < 0.05). Overall, after-school tutoring affects students' mental health by depriving them of sleep time, hence influencing their academic performance. We suggest the following. First, the regulation of off-campus tutoring should be strengthened. Second, efforts should be made to alleviate parents' educational anxiety. Lastly, students' sleep quality should be ensured, and attention should be paid to monitoring their mental health status.
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