ReviewInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2025
Absolute Risks and Decision Tools for Communicating the Risks of Visual Impairment From Myopia-Related Diseases.
Review in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Narrative Review of Childhood Myopia Management Across the NHS and Private Sector in the UK.Cureus · 2026Review
- The prevalence and costs of optical correction for childhood myopia in Scotland.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- The role of astigmatism in myopia development, myopia progression and myopia control.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Review
- Perceptions and Barriers to Accessing Myopia Management in the UK.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: The risks of developing myopia complications are frequently reported in relative terms, which can be misleading. This study provides absolute risk estimates of visual impairment (VI) from myopia-related diseases. Methods: A critical integrative review provided data on frequency of myopic macular degeneration (MMD), primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), and associated VI in predominantly White and East Asian populations. The absolute risks of persons over 40 years of age with no myopia, low myopia (-2.00 D), or high myopia (-6.00 D) developing VI from each myopia-related disease were calculated by multiplying the proportion of each refractive group with the disease by the rate of VI. The sum of the risks of VI from MMD, POAG, and RRD provided an estimate of VI risk from any of these three myopia-related diseases in adults over 40 years old. Results: VI from MMD, POAG, or RRD combined is expected in 0.4 in 100, 1.4 in 100, and 6.8 in 100 of White persons with no myopia, low myopia, or high myopia, respectively. The same risks in an East Asian population are 0.5 in 100, 2.4 in 100 and 10.3 in 100 in persons with no myopia, low myopia, or high myopia, respectively. Conclusions: Absolute risks are provided to enable balanced discussions of the future risk that a child may have in developing VI from myopia-related diseases when considering myopia management. These estimates should be put into context using decision tools and balanced statements providing information on the likelihood of both developing VI and not developing VI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.