Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40304898›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2025

The development of a multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification reaction to detect the most common causative agents of eumycetoma.

Mickey Konings, Emmanuel Siddig, Kimberly Eadie, Carole Pab Minlekib, Maguette Faye, Doudou Sow, Ahmed Fahal, Annelies Verbon, Wendy van de Sande

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mickey KoningsErasmus MC, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.
Emmanuel SiddigErasmus MC, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.
Kimberly EadieErasmus MC, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.
Carole Pab MinlekibService de Parasitologie-Mycologie, UFR Sciences de la Santé, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal.
Maguette FayeService de Parasitologie-Mycologie, UFR Sciences de la Santé, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal.
Doudou SowService de Parasitologie-Mycologie, UFR Sciences de la Santé, Université Gaston Berger, Saint-Louis, Senegal.
Ahmed FahalMycetoma Research Center, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Annelies VerbonErasmus MC, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.
Wendy van de SandeErasmus MC, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands. w.vandesande@erasmusmc.nl.

Funding

Diorapthe Foundation 21030402
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeMycetoma is a neglected tropical disease that affects the subcutaneous tissue. The disease can be caused by over 90 different pathogens, including both bacteria (actinomycetoma) and fungi (eumycetoma). While diagnostic tools for eumycetoma causative agents are available, these are generally not well suited for use in endemic regions. This study aims to develop an isothermal based multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification reaction (RPA), that can be integrated in the diagnostic workflow of endemic regions.

methodsThe RPA was designed targeting the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region to detect the presence of fungal DNA, and to differentiate between Madurella mycetomatis and Falciformispora senegalensis. The performance of the RPA was evaluated using 71 fungal isolates and five actinomycetes reference isolates. Furthermore, the limit of detection (LOD) was determined for the different probes in singleplex and multiplex.

resultsThe ITS probe was positive for all 71 fungal isolates with a mean detection time of 13.1 min. The M. mycetomatis and F. senegalensis probes were only positive for their respective targets, with a mean detection time of 9.3 and 7.6 min, respectively. No cross-reactivity was detected, and a limit of detection of 0.01 ng of fungal DNA was found. The costs of the RPA ranged from €1.56 to €10.03, depending on the workflow.

conclusionWe developed a field-friendly multiplex RPA, that successfully detects fungal DNA and discriminates between M. mycetomatis and F. senegalensis. This tool holds promise for enhancing diagnostic capabilities in eumycetoma endemic regions, paving the way for improved patient management and treatment outcomes.

Indexed as

Molecular Diagnostic TechniquesMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionMycetomaNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesDNA, FungalDNA, Ribosomal SpacerHumansLimit of DetectionMadurellaRecombinasesSensitivity and SpecificityDNA, FungalDNA, Ribosomal SpacerRecombinasesFalciformispora senegalensisMadurella mycetomatisMycetomapan-fungalpoint-of-care testRPA

Identifiers

PMID40304898
PMCPMC12241255

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.