ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2023
Analyzing the Evolution and Host Adaptation of the Rabies Virus from the Perspective of Codon Usage Bias.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Phylogenetic and genome-wide analysis of codon usage reveals geographic and host-specific adaptation in Vaccinia virus.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Differences in codon usage between host-species-specific rabies virus clades are driven by non-GC3 nucleotide composition.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Analysis of synonymous codon usage bias of Lassa virus.Virus research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rabies virus (RABV) is a highly pathogenic virus that causes a fatal disease in humans and other mammals, but the mechanism of its evolution, spread, and spillover remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the codon usage pattern of 2,018 RABV full-length genome sequences from 79 countries collected between 1931 and 2021 to provide an insight into its molecular evolution and unravel its unknown host-adapted pattern. We found that RABV exhibited a weak codon usage bias, with a preference for the codons ending in A (28.10 ± 0.01) or U (26.43 ± 0.02). Moreover, natural selection plays a major role in shaping the codon usage bias of the RABV. Notably, nearly half of the 18 codons in the virus were best matched to the hosts' most abundant isoacceptor tRNAs, which might account for the wide range of RABV hosts. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in the codon usage patterns of RABV for different host species, suggesting that codon usage bias may be influenced by host-specific factors. In conclusion, our study reveals codon usage patterns of RABV that may help in the development of control strategies and effective vaccines and therapies against this deadly virus.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.