ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2023
High Prevalence and Genetic Heterogeneity of Genotype 3 Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Boar in Umbria, Central Italy.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic Heterogeneity of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in Wild Boars in Italy.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Article
- Hepatitis E in Wildlife: Emerging Threats to Human Health.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Does Home and Wild Food Procurement Enhance Food Security in High-Income Countries?Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Molecular Detection and Genetic Typing of Hepatitis E Virus in Wild Animals from Slovakia.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Article
- Detection of Hepatitis E Virus in Game Meat (Wild Boar) Supply Chain in Umbria Region, Central Italy.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Longitudinal serological and virological survey of hepatitis E virus in wild boar (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important human pathogen and, in developed countries, most human infections are due to a zoonotic cycle, mainly maintained by domestic and wild suids. In European countries several genotype 3 strains have been found to circulate in human population and animal reservoirs, with human infections being related mostly to pork or wild boar meat consumption. In this study, we surveyed HEV circulation in wild boar in Umbria (Italy) during the 2021-2022 hunting seasons, using a stratified sampling. Liver samples were tested for HEV presence by real-time RT-qPCR. Positive samples were characterized by nested RT-PCR followed by sequencing of partial region of the capsid gene. Overall, 78 out of 179 wild boar liver samples tested positive to HEV (43.6%), with viral load ranging between 1.47 and 7.35 log genome copies/g (median 3.20 log). Variations, although not statistically significant, were observed considering geographical, age, weight, and gender factors, in terms of either prevalence or viral load. In particular, in animals younger than 1 year of age, the viral load was 2 log higher (median viral load of 5.50 log genome copies/g of liver tissue) than in older age groups. Sequence analysis characterized the 41 obtained sequences into genotype 3 subtype 3c (
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