ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2024
First Outbreak of African Swine Fever in Sweden: Local Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Eradication Strategies.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adapting current protocols is necessary to eradicate the novel ASFV variant in the peri-urban wild boar population of Barcelona, Spain.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Genome sequencing reveals a highly divergent Biotype II African swine fever virus in Nigeria.Research square · 2026Article
- Integrated Hunting Strategies for African Swine Fever Control in Wild Boar: A Comparative Review of Experiences in European Continent.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Early African Swine Fever Dynamics in Wild Boar After Reemergence in Catalonia, Spain: Surveillance-Based Estimates of Initial Spread.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Potential economy-wide impacts of an African swine fever outbreak in the United States.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- A phylogenetic contribution to understanding the panzootic spread of African swine fever: from the global to the local scale.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Spatio-Temporal Pattern Analysis of African Swine Fever Spreading in Northwestern Italy-The Role of Habitat Interfaces.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Mitigation Strategies for African Swine Fever Virus Biosecurity: From Virus Inactivation to Pig Health.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Review
- From Catastrophe to Hope: Hunters' Experiences in the Eradication of Sweden's First African Swine Fever Outbreak.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Evaluation of β-Actin and Mitochondrial DNA Levels in Determining the Age ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Enhancing infection control practices and biosecurity plans on Swedish pig farms: insights, challenges, and strategies.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2024Article
- Perceptions and practices of Swedish wild boar hunters in relation to African swine fever before the first outbreak in Sweden.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
28 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The first case of African swine fever (ASF) was confirmed in Sweden in September 2023. This article describes the local epidemiology, including the spatiotemporal dynamics of the outbreak and some of the factors that may have contributed to its apparently successful eradication. Upon detection of the outbreak, strict control measures were put in place in a preliminarily defined infected zone. A carcass search, including geo-localisation, removal, sampling, and destruction of found carcasses, was initiated and a preliminary core area was defined based on the results. Six months after confirmation of the first case, 93 wild boar carcasses had been found in the infected zone, of which 62 tested positive for ASF virus (ASFV). All ASFV-positive carcasses were found inside the core area. Based on two taphonomy methods, it was assumed that the infection was introduced between early May and late June 2023. The data also indicated that the epidemic curve peaked between mid-August and mid-September, with the last death occurring in late September 2023. Based on the average estimated time of death, geo-localisation of carcasses and two-dimensional kernel density estimation, clustering in space and time was identified. An online questionnaire with questions about hunting and the wild boar population was sent to all leaders of hunting groups in the infected zone. The results showed that the wild boar population had increased in the last 10 years but with large variations and geographical heterogeneity in space use. Disease introduction through natural wild boar movements was excluded and it was assumed that the long-distance translocation of the virus had occurred through human activities. A municipal waste collection centre without wild boar-proof fencing is located close to the epicentre of the outbreak, attracting many wild boar and contributing to the spread of the virus once it had been introduced to the population.
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