ArticleJournal of orthodontic science2025
Debonding forces and failure modes of customized three-dimensional printed nano-ceramic hybrid resin fixed lingual retainers.
Article in Journal of orthodontic science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effect of Preheating, Resin-Based Composite, and Wire Types of Orthodontic Lingual Fixed Retainers on the Load at Failure: A Comparative In-Vitro Study.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Comparative effects of plasma activation and monomer infiltration on the surface characteristics and wettability of 3D-printed permanent crown resin.Journal of dental sciences · 2026Article
- How do infrared and near-infrared lasers influence autophagy and alveolar bone remodeling in rats during orthodontic tooth retention?BMC oral health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRetention preserves the optimal esthetic and functional positions of teeth following the termination of active orthodontic treatment. Conventional stainless-steel multistrand fixed retainers have limitations and drawbacks, mainly related to retainer failure.
objectivesNano-ceramic hybrid resin (SprintRay OnX) was employed to fabricate new, customized three-dimensional (3D)-printed lingual retainers, and their debonding forces and failure modes were evaluated. MATERIALS AND
methodsPairs of premolars were embedded in acrylic blocks. Fifty acrylic blocks were divided into five groups, including three different cross-sections of customized 3D-printed wires- round (1 mm), oval (1 × 1.5 mm), and semi-elliptical (1 × 1.5 mm)- and comparative stainless steel multistrand retainers (G and H and Respond). Retainers were bonded to the teeth using Transbond™ LR Light Cure Adhesive. The models were stored in distilled water for 24 hours, simulating the wet intraoral conditions. Debonding forces and failure modes were then evaluated. A vertical debonding force was applied to the interdental area of the bonded retainer. Post-retainer debonding failure mode was examined under a stereomicroscope (×10 magnification).
resultsSemi-elliptical 3D-printed retainers yielded the highest debonding forces, followed by oval 3D-printed retainers, twisted G and H retainers, round 3D-printed retainers, and Respond retainers. The debonding forces of oval and semi-elliptical 3D-printed retainers did not differ significantly. The 3D-printed retainer groups presented predominantly cohesive failure due to the strong adhesion between the 3D-printed resin and adhesive.
conclusionOval and semi-elliptical 3D-printed retainers exhibited favorable debonding forces.
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