ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2025
Transposable elements as instructors of the immune system.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Tumour-associated dsRNA accumulation and innate immune activation: mechanistic basis and therapeutic strategies.EBioMedicine · 2026Review
- Integrating transposable elements into blood gene regulatory networks reveals connectivity loss for schizophrenia genes.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Review
- The Dynamic Alliance of p53 and Metabolism in the Tumor Microenvironment Shapes Tumor Evolution.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- An ancient retrotransposon provides species-specific tuning of IL-18 inflammatory signaling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Transposable elements in hematopoietic stem cells upon aging and myeloid malignancies.Mobile DNA · 2026Review
- Multiomic Profiling Reveals the Regulation of Many Immune-Related Genes by PU.1 in Porcine Alveolar Macrophages.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Arms races between selfish genetic elements and their host defence in termites.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Single-Cell RNA-Seq Profiling of Transposable Element Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Cells During Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- TE-SCALE: a comprehensive database for exploring transposable element expression across human cancers at single-cell resolution.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Human endogenous retrovirus profiling reveals heterogenous expression in cutaneous melanoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Transposable elements as a possible missing link between genetic predisposition and environmental triggers of autoimmune disorders: insights from type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- PervasivebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Extrachromosomal Circular DNA and Transposable Elements in Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- DNA hypomethylation traits define human regulatory T cells in cutaneous tissue and identify their blood recirculating counterparts.Nature immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile repetitive nucleic acid sequences that have been incorporated into the genome through spontaneous integration, accounting for almost 50% of human DNA. Even though most TEs are no longer mobile today, studies have demonstrated that they have important roles in different biological processes, such as ageing, embryonic development, and cancer. TEs influence these processes through various mechanisms, including active transposition of TEs contributing to ongoing evolution, transposon transcription generating RNA or protein, and by influencing gene regulation as enhancers. However, how TEs interact with the immune system remains a largely unexplored field. In this Perspective, we describe how TEs might influence different aspects of the immune system, such as innate immune responses, T cell activation and differentiation, and tissue adaptation. Furthermore, TEs can serve as a source of neoantigens for T cells in antitumour immunity. We suggest that TE biology is an important emerging field of immunology and discuss the potential to harness the TE network therapeutically, for example, to improve immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.