ArticleNature communications2025
Global diversity and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in human wastewater treatment systems.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antibiotic class-dependent degradation mechanisms and resistance gene elimination by dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma technology for wastewater treatment.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Predicting resistance evolution to guide antibiotic development.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Building-Scale Wastewater Metagenomics Reveals Temporal Patterns in Resistance and Virulence Genes.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance across One Health sectors: transmission dynamics and surveillance needs.mSphere · 2026Review
- Self-reconstruction of single copper atoms drives precise hydroxyl radicals generation for efficient water disinfection.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Assessing resistome host range across water reclamation in three geographically distinct communities using Hi-C sequencing.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Computational Genomics for Resistome Characterization: Current Advancements and Future Challenges Under a One Health Perspective.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Wastewater Metagenomic Reanalysis of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Public Datasets from Türkiye (Ankara and Hatay).Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Farming practices exert selection pressures on the resistome of natural populations of house mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Positive epistasis among ribosomal mutations drives high-level streptomycin resistance inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Wastewater Metagenomics for Antimicrobial Resistance and Pathogen Surveillance: A Bibliometric Analysis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Citywide metagenomics reveals microbial community and resistome dynamics in urban wastewater.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Diversity, biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria isolated from cooling towers.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Environmental effectiveness of the National Action Plan to Contain Antimicrobial Resistance: evidence from Chinese soil.National science review · 2026Article
- Horizontal Gene Transfer and Genome Rearrangements Shape Bacterial Adaptation for Bioremediation.Environmental microbiology · 2026Review
- Resilience of recombinant antibiotic resistance gene-containing plasmids against common cell culture disposal methods.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Nitrate-reducing bacteria bridge nitrogen cycling and antibiotic resistance in river ecosystems.Nature communications · 2026Article
- An Integrated Review of Pesticides and Antibiotics in Agricultural Environments: Occurrence, Cross-Media Transport, and Plant Uptake.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Horizontal and vertical gene transfer shape the plasmid host range in surface-associated microbial systems.iScience · 2026Article
- Plant spatial compartmentalization buffers bacteriome structure and function under antibiotic stress.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
33 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to human health, and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are important reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, we analyze the antibiotic resistomes of 226 activated sludge samples from 142 WWTPs across six continents, using a consistent pipeline for sample collection, DNA sequencing and analysis. We find that ARGs are diverse and similarly abundant, with a core set of 20 ARGs present in all WWTPs. ARG composition differs across continents and is distinct from that of the human gut and the oceans. ARG composition strongly correlates with bacterial taxonomic composition, with Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria being the major carriers. ARG abundance positively correlates with the presence of mobile genetic elements, and 57% of the 1112 recovered high-quality genomes possess putatively mobile ARGs. Resistome variations appear to be driven by a complex combination of stochastic processes and deterministic abiotic factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.