Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40298865›Full record

ArticleACS macro letters2025

Fabrication of Microgel-Reinforced Hydrogels via Vat Photopolymerization.

Cody O Crosby, Abhishek P Dhand, Jonathan T Taasan, Jason A Burdick

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS macro letters, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Cody O CrosbyBioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0130-5653
Abhishek P DhandDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
Jonathan T TaasanBioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.
Jason A BurdickBioFrontiers Institute and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2006-332X

Funding

Engineered Granular Hydrogels for Endogenous Tissue RepairR01HL160616 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI BURDICK, JASON A · 2022 to 2025
$2.5M
Engineered Developmental Microenvironments: Cartilage Formation and MaturationR01AR077362 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BURDICK, JASON A, MAUCK, ROBERT L · 2020 to 2024
$2.5M
Biofabrication Training ProgramT32EB034215 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI Stephanie J Bryant, Jason A Burdick · 2024 to 2026
$512k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL160616NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR077362NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB034215
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report a facile method for the vat photopolymerization (i.e., digital light processing, DLP) of microgel-reinforced hydrogels that leverages both light and dark polymerization for curing. As an example, norbornene modified hyaluronic acid (NorHA) microgels at varying volume fractions swollen in acrylamide monomer are implemented as resins. When processed with DLP, acrylamide polymerization and cross-linking results in the formation of a secondary, continuous network that percolates through the microgels. At even low volume fractions (e.g., 30% v/v), the addition of microgels results in up to 4-fold increases in the stress at failure and work of fracture and a reduction in hydrogel swelling. The microgel-reinforced hydrogels are 3D printed into intricate shapes (e.g., metamaterial lattices) while maintaining uniform microgel distributions, and microgels with varied cross-link densities, cross-linkers, and fabrication methods are also investigated. This work expands the potential of microgel-reinforced hydrogels across applications where geometric freedom is essential.

Identifiers

PMID40298865
PMCPMC12246868

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.