ArticleEnvironmental systems research2025
Study on the persistence of ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole in simulated drinking water systems.
Article in Environmental systems research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Facile electrochemical fabrication of GO@ZnO@MnORSC advances · 2026Article
- Fate of the resistance profile of drinking water biofilm exposed to a sub-minimum inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The antibiotics ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole are well-known to be persistent in drinking water, as they have been detected at the highest concentration and frequency, respectively. These antibiotics persist despite their residence time, water treatment, and environmental conditions encountered in drinking water distribution systems. To better understand this phenomenon, the objectives of this study were to determine their degradation kinetics at a residual, sub-minimum inhibitory concentration while exposed to multi-species biofilms in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, as well as examine their effect on total cell count (TCC). The results revealed that both antibiotics continued to be detected after the experimental period of 12 days. Ciprofloxacin concentrations decreased by 31.1% (± 3.9%) and 27.4% (± 7.7%) during exposure to the biofilm and PVC-only control respectively, whereas sulfamethoxazole concentrations decreased by 87.2% (± 15.8%) and 3.6% (± 8.6%) during exposure to the biofilm and PVC-only control, respectively. Biofilm TCC increased significantly when exposed to ciprofloxacin ( Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40068-025-00396-5.
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Registered trials
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