ArticleScientific reports2025
The association between vitamin D and restless legs syndrome following acute ischemic stroke.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical impact of restless leg syndrome on uremia patients with hemodialysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements of sleep - the relationship with stroke and other cerebrovascular disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Sleep and Stroke-An Overlooked Bidirectional Influence: Why Should Sleep and Vascular Neurologists Work Closer?Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and acute ischemic stroke are prevalent conditions in neurology. Several studies have indicated a relationship between RLS, acute ischemic stroke, and vitamin D levels. This study aimed to evaluate vitamin D levels in patients with RLS after acute ischemic stroke, compared to those with only acute ischemic stroke, to determine if there is a significant association. A case-control study included 270 patients with acute ischemic stroke and 53 patients who developed RLS following acute ischemic stroke. The International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) scale was used to assess RLS severity, and vitamin D levels were measured (levels below 20 ng/ml were considered insufficient). Patients with RLS after acute ischemic stroke had significantly lower vitamin D levels (P < 0.001) and a higher incidence of vitamin D insufficiency (P < 0.001) compared to those with only acute ischemic stroke. The multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for the age, female, smoking status, alcohol consumption, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), Homocysteine (HCY), vitamin D, vitamin D (OR = 0.673, 95% CI: 0.610-0.743, P < 0.001) and sex remained (OR = 4.217, 95% CI: 1.390-12.791, P = 0.011) significantly associated with RLS following acute ischemic stroke. Among RLS patients, those with (extremely) severe RLS had lower vitamin D levels than those with mild to moderate RLS (P < 0.001). Vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with IRLSSG scores after adjusting for confounding factors. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.915 (95% CI 0.873-0.958), and the cut-off value for vitamin D was 18.15 ng/ml, with a sensitivity of 84.4% and specificity of 90.6%. Adults with acute post-ischemic stroke RLS generally have lower vitamin D levels than those with ischemic stroke alone, and lower vitamin D levels are linked to more severe RLS symptoms. Vitamin D levels and sex are important influencing factors for the occurrence of RLS following acute ischemic stroke. Vitamin D level is an independent predictor of RLS after acute ischemic stroke and has high predictive value.
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