Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40295479›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Multiple targeted grassland restoration interventions enhance ecosystem service multifunctionality.

Shangshi Liu, Susan E Ward, Andrew Wilby, Peter Manning, Mengyi Gong, Jessica Davies, Rebecca Killick, John N Quinton, Richard D Bardgett

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Seed mixes of intermediate grass:forb ratio create vegetation of greater ecosystem service provision in restorations.Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Shangshi LiuDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. liushangshi@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3808-3625
Susan E WardLancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Andrew WilbyLancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-4956
Peter ManningDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7940-2023
Mengyi GongSchool of Mathematical Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-1675
Jessica DaviesLancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9832-7412
Rebecca KillickSchool of Mathematical Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0583-3960
John N QuintonLancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1746-4795
Richard D BardgettDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5131-0127

Funding

Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) BD5003RCUK | Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) NE/T012307/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The need to combat widespread degradation of grassland ecosystem services makes grassland restoration a global sustainability priority. However, simultaneously enhancing multiple ecosystem services (i.e. ecosystem service multifunctionality) is a major challenge for grassland restoration due to trade-offs among services. We use a long-term multifactor grassland restoration experiment established in 1989 on agriculturally improved, species-poor grassland in northern England, to assess how increasing the number of restoration treatments, including addition of manure, inorganic fertiliser, a seed mixture, and promotion of a nitrogen-fixing legume (Trifolium pratense), affects ecosystem service multifunctionality, based on 26 ecosystem service indicators measured between 2011 and 2014. We find that single interventions usually lead to trade-offs among services and thus have few positive effects on ecosystem service multifunctionality. However, ecosystem service multifunctionality increases with the number of restoration interventions, as trade-offs are reduced. Our findings highlight the significant potential for combined use of multiple targeted interventions to aid the restoration of ecosystem service multifunctionality in degraded grasslands, and potentially, other ecosystems.

Indexed as

Conservation of Natural ResourcesEcosystemEnvironmental Restoration and RemediationGrasslandEnglandFertilizersManureSoilTrifoliumFertilizersManureSoil

Identifiers

PMID40295479
PMCPMC12037718

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.