Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40295471›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Ultrafast energizing the parity-forbidden dark exciton in black phosphorus.

Guangzhen Shen, Xirui Tian, Limin Cao, Hongli Guo, Xintong Li, Yishu Tian, Xuefeng Cui, Min Feng, Jin Zhao, Bing Wang and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Guangzhen Shen *Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Xirui Tian *Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Limin CaoSchool of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2468-6137
Hongli GuoSchool of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xintong LiHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Yishu TianHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Xuefeng CuiHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Min FengSchool of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9184-7482
Jin ZhaoHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China. zhaojin@ustc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1346-5280
Bing WangHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China. bwang@ustc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2953-2196
Hrvoje PetekDepartment of Physics and Astronomy and the IQ Initiative, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. petek@pitt.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9605-2590
Shijing TanHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China. tansj@ustc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8537-9528

Funding

Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) YSBR-054National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22425206
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As conventional electronic materials approach their physical limits, the application of ultrafast optical fields to access transient states of matter captures imagination. The inversion symmetry governs the optical parity selection rule, differentiating between accessible and inaccessible states of matter. To circumvent parity-forbidden transitions, the common practice is to break the inversion symmetry by material design or external fields. Here we report how the application of femtosecond ultraviolet pulses can energize a parity-forbidden dark exciton state in black phosphorus while maintaining its intrinsic material symmetry. Unlike its conventional bandgap absorption in visible-to-infrared, femtosecond ultraviolet excitation turns on efficient Coulomb scattering, promoting carrier multiplication and electronic heating to ~3000 K, and consequently populating its parity-forbidden states. Interferometric time- and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopy reveals dark exciton dynamics of black phosphorus on ~100 fs time scale and its anisotropic wavefunctions in energy-momentum space, illuminating its potential applications in optoelectronics and photochemistry under ultraviolet optical excitation.

Identifiers

PMID40295471
PMCPMC12037752

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