ArticleBMJ open2025
Exploring the mediating role of depression and anxiety in the relationship between social and biological factors and quality of life in Indonesia: a structural equation modelling approach.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Income, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms in Indonesia: a two-year cross-lagged panel analysis of socioeconomic gradients.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Article
- The Mediating Role of Depression in the Effect of Psychological Well-Being on the Self-Rated Health and Quality of Life of Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo examine the association between social and biological factors and quality of life (QoL), and whether depression and anxiety mediate this relationship.
designCross-sectional study with individual level as the unit of analysis.
main outcome measuresDepression and anxiety were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression scale and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, while QoL was assessed using the EuroQol Five-Dimension scale. Social factors were assessed using the self-reported number of close persons, and biological factors were measured using the number of self-reported physical health comorbidities.
settingCountry-level data.
participantsGeneral population aged 18 and older with data available.
resultsAmong participants, 849 (4.42%) had depression and 2339 (12.17%) had anxiety. Structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis, adjusted by age and sex, showed that social factors (β=-0.004, p<0.001) and biological factors (β=-0.051, p<0.001) were directly associated with QoL. Mediation analysis revealed that depression and anxiety fully mediated the relationship between social factors and QoL. For biological factors, depression and anxiety partially mediated the relationship with QoL, accounting for 29.30% and 22.83% of the total effect, respectively.
conclusionsDepression and anxiety mediate the relationship between social and biological factors and QoL. Strengthening social support and improving mental health access can mitigate these risks. Future research should examine long-term trends and intervention effectiveness to inform targeted policies for at-risk populations.
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