ArticleJMIR research protocols2025
Pain Assessment Tools for Infants, Children, and Adolescents With Cancer: Protocol for a Scoping Review.
Article in JMIR research protocols, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Outcome measurement tools in pediatric oncology palliative care: a scoping review of domains, validation and contextual relevance.BJC reports · 2026Review
- Chronic Cancer-Related Pain in Children: A Narrative Review of Multimodal and Family-Centered Palliative Care Approach.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Lived Experience of Pediatric Pain Management: Insights From Families and Providers.Journal of patient experience · 2026Article
- Pain Assessment Tools for Infants, Children, and Adolescents With Cancer: A Scoping Review.Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPain management in children with cancer may be inadequate due to poor pain assessment, and evaluation using suitable tools is necessary. Despite the availability of many pain assessment scales, few studies have summarized the existing assessment tools, making it challenging to select a suitable scale.
objectiveThis scoping review aims to map existing pain assessment tools for children with cancer and provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric cancer-related pain screening and assessment tools.
methodsThe scoping review will be conducted according to the guidelines by the Joanna Briggs Institute and reported following the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) framework. Electronic databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, CENTRAL, ICHUSHI (Japan Medical Abstracts Society), and Embase, will be searched to identify eligible studies, without date or language restrictions. We defined the eligibility criteria based on the PCC (Population, Concept, and Context) format. Studies that focused on assessment tools for evaluating pain in children (aged 0-18 years) with cancer in a hospital or at home will be included. Although there are no restrictions on study design, protocols and conference abstracts will be excluded. Two or more reviewers will select studies by reviewing the full text of relevant articles identified by titles and abstracts, and disagreements will be resolved through discussion. Two or more reviewers will extract predefined data items, including characteristics of included studies (eg, author name, title of publication, year of publication, purpose of study, study setting, study population, outline of the assessment tool, study design, and findings) and the characteristics of assessment tools (eg, types of tools, target population, assessor, validity, instructions, precautions, and advantages and disadvantages of the tools). Pain assessment tools will be summarized in tabular format and described in a narrative synthesis.
resultsThrough electronic database searches on November 20, 2023, we identified 3748 articles. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of pain assessment tools. The final report is planned for submission to a peer-reviewed journal in 2025.
conclusionsThis scoping review is the first comprehensive effort to map existing tools on pediatric cancer-related pain assessment tools for infants, children, and adolescents aged <18 years, according to developmental stages. Based on the findings of this study, we will discuss future clinical and research implications for pain assessment and management in children with cancer. The findings are expected to enhance pain management practices in children with cancer and inform health care providers, policy makers, and other stakeholders. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/66614.
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