ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2025
Effect of a Collar and Harness on Intraocular Pressure and Respiration Rate of Brachycephalic and Dolichocephalic Dogs.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of Order of Testing on Intraocular Pressure and Tear Production Measurement in Dogs.Veterinary ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Health implications of dog-worn equipment: a review of known and alleged physical risks.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Review of Collars, Harnesses, and Head Collars for Walking Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDogs are a popular pet in many countries, and for them to gain appropriate exercise, many owners opt to walk them on a leash. Despite health and welfare concerns, brachycephalic breeds remain common as pets, with limited research existing that investigates the best restraint type for these animals.
objectivesThis study aimed to test the effect of a collar and harness during stationary and exercise conditions on the intra-ocular pressure (IOP) and respiration rate (RR) of brachycephalic and dolichocephalic dogs.
methodsA total of 24 healthy dogs, both brachycephalic and dolichocephalic, were recruited for the study and underwent stationary and exercise conditions in two restraint types in a within-between-subjects design. IOP was measured by rebound tonometry, and RR was measured using clinical and visual methods by the same experimenter.
resultsJust wearing a collar in a stationary condition increased IOP in brachycephalic dogs (p < 0.05) but not in dolichocephalic dogs (p > 0.05). Exercising in a collar increased IOP for both groups of dogs (p < 0.05), whereas exercising in a harness did not affect IOP for either group (p > 0.05). RR increased in exercise conditions for both restraint types in brachycephalic dogs (p < 0.05), with no difference between collar and harness (p > 0.05).
conclusionsData suggest that collars may elevate IOP during exercise for all dogs and also during stationary conditions for brachycephalic breeds. Owners need to be conscious of the most appropriate restraint for their dog to avoid deleterious effects on IOP and RR.
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