Trial reportIntensive care medicine2025
Intravascular vs. surface cooling in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients receiving hypothermia after hospital arrival: a post hoc analysis of the TTM2 trial.
Trial report in Intensive care medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02908308 (Targeted Hypothermia Versus Targeted Normothermia After Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Targeted Hypothermia Versus Targeted Normothermia After Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest (TTM2) - A Randomised Clinical Trial
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines 2025: post-resuscitation care.Intensive care medicine · 2025Guideline
- Singapore Post-cardiac Arrest Care Guidelines 2026.Singapore medical journal · 2026Review
- Comparing intravascular and surface cooling methods: a critical look at outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients-author's reply.Intensive care medicine · 2025Article
- From surface to core: does better cooling make a difference after cardiac arrest?Intensive care medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo compare the performance of targeted temperature management (TTM) at 33 °C using intravascular (IC) vs. surface-cooling (SFC) devices after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).
methodsA post hoc analysis including OHCA patients randomized to hypothermia in the TTM2-trial (NCT02908308) comparing hypothermia with normothermia. The main outcome was cooling performance, defined as the proportion of patients reaching target temperature < 33.5 °C within 4 h, time outside temperature ranges during maintenance, rewarming rate and post-TTM fever. Exploratory outcomes included survival and good functional outcome, defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of 0-3 at 6 months, analyzed using Inverse Probability Treatment Weighting (IPTW).
resultsAmong 930 patients randomized to hypothermia, 876 were treated with a cooling device and included in this study. Of those, 27.3% received IC devices, while 72.7% received SFC devices. The proportion reaching target temperature within 4 h was higher with IC (IC: 69.6% vs. SFC: 49.2%; p < 0.001). Temperature outside ranges during the cooling period and post-TTM fever were lower with IC compared to SFC (17.2% vs. 39.6%; p < 0.001 and 0% vs. 6.3%; p < 0.001, respectively). In the exploratory IPTW analysis, 6-month survival rates were 55.2% in the IC group and 50.2% in the SFC group (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.89-1.68) and survival with good functional outcome at 6 months was 51.1% patients in the IC group and 44.9% in the SFC (OR 1.28, 95% CI 0.93-1.77).
conclusionsAmong OHCA patients randomized to hypothermia in the TTM2 study, intravascular cooling, compared with surface cooling, was associated with better cooling performance.
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