ArticlePolymers2025
Extraction and Conversion of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Okara Soybean Residue via Soda AQ Pulping: Integration of Predictive Models and Process Control.
Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of bases NaOH and KOH on okara, the soybean residue, in conventional pulping, based on 136 pulping conditions used as a dataset for random forest regression and gradient boosting predictive models. Okara CMC was formed and identified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to demonstrate a wide range of applications comparable to commercial CMC, with a low degree of substitution. The quality of okara pulp after basic pulping was analyzed based on the extracted cellulose yield and remaining protein content. The optimized pulping condition was a mixture of NaOH and KOH at a 30% concentration, resulting in an extracted cellulose yield of 24.5 wt% and a remaining protein content of 25.1%. The obtained okara pulp was converted into okara CMC with a controllable degree of substitution. The implemented dataset was used to train two predictive models: random forest regression and gradient boosting, to forecast key parameters for pulping (NaOH, KOH, AQ, and H
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