ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2025
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to visceral leishmaniasis in children: case report and systematic review.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- First Infant Desensitization to Liposomal Amphotericin B.The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG · 2026Article
- Case Reports of Visceral Leishmaniasis-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Adults: A Complex Immune Phenomenon.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Nephritis: a Macrophage Activation Syndrome Heralding a New Disease Difficult to Diagnose.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2026Article
- mNGS-Assisted Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis Presenting as Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Two Cases Confirmed by rK39.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- When Hepatitis Masks Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Case of Secondary HLH in a Low-Endemic Region.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Beyond Mosquitoes: A Review of Pediatric Vector-Borne Diseases Excluding Malaria and Arboviral Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) can lead to complications such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in children. The clinical features of VL overlap with that of HLH, and thus the diagnosis of VL-induced HLH can be challenging for clinicians. Methods: We describe two pediatric cases and systematically review all reported cases of pediatric VL-related HLH in literatures until May 2024. Results: The demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of our reported cases are presented. The systematic review included 29 articles with a total of 135 cases. More than half of the children (89/125, 71.2%) were under 3 years old, and 8.9% ( Conclusions: Vigilance towards screening for leishmania infection induced HLH is imperative, particularly when there is a suspicious epidemiological history, ineffective chemotherapy, or prior to bone marrow transplantation. Early recognition, accurate diagnosis, and prompt treatment initiation can significantly alter the course of the disease and favor the prognosis in childhood with HLH secondary to VL.
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