Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40291461›Full record

ArticleJRSM open2025

The importance of multiculturalism in medical education: a global comparison of perspectives from medical and health professions students at 21 universities.

Anette Wu, Radhika Patel, Jason Luong, Sean McWatt, Rahul Goel, Cecilia Brassett, Jane Dutton, Mandeep Gill Sagoo, Carol Kunzel, Alexander Green and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JRSM open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Anette WuVagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7341-7200
Radhika PatelVagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7493-2298
Jason LuongCollege of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8146-4862
Sean McWattSchool of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Rahul GoelDepartment of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Centre for Education, King's College London, London, UK.
Cecilia BrassettDepartment of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3621-9445
Jane DuttonDepartment of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Mandeep Gill SagooDepartment of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Centre for Education, King's College London, London, UK.
Carol KunzelCollege of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Alexander GreenFamily Health Center of Worcester, Worcester, MA, USA.
Geoffroy NoelAnatomy Division, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2192-7756

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to quantitatively assess the baseline level of self-perceived cultural competency preparedness and skillfulness among medical and health professions students from 21 universities around the world utilizing a previously validated and standardized testing tool. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: The International Collaboration and Exchange Program (ICEP), a global exchange initiative for junior medical and health professions students spanning 21 universities across four continents. Participants: A total of 753 students from the 2021 and 2022 ICEP cohorts. Main Outcome Measures: Students self-evaluated their cultural competency skills on a 5-point Likert-type scale encompassing different areas of competency. Multiple linear regression was performed to identify contributors to cultural competency levels. Results: Upon rating how skillful they are at interacting with culturally diverse patients, North American students reported the highest scores with a mean of 3.22, while Australian students showed the lowest score of 2.82. When analyzing students' stages of study, those in clinical years of medical schools scored the highest at 3.29. Significant variations were observed in the cultural competency self-rating scores among students based on their respective regions ( Conclusions: Though these participants represent a highly motivated subgroup of students, potentially limiting result generalizability, the findings emphasize that regional differences exist. Given the multifaceted nature of cultural competency, the results suggest that factors such as educational stage, age, and region may influence students' perceived competency levels.

Indexed as

cultural competencyglobal comparisonglobal competencieshealth professions studentsmedical studentsmulticulturalism

Identifiers

PMID40291461
PMCPMC12032487

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.