Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40291144›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of developmental disabilities2025

Mothers' experiences of toilet training children with intellectual disabilities: a qualitative study.

Musa Özsavran, Aylin Kurt, Fatma Dinç

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of developmental disabilities, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Musa ÖzsavranDepartment of Child Care and Youth Services, Child Development Program, Ahmet Erdogan Vocational School of Health Services, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9008-900X
Aylin KurtNursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5521-0828
Fatma DinçNursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1451-7441

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This exploratory and qualitative study aimed to investigate the experiences of parents of children with intellectual disabilities during toilet training. Between 8 December 2023 and 1 February 2024, 20 mothers were interviewed face-to-face in special education and rehabilitation centres in Zonguldak, Türkiye. The interviews were thematically analysed, revealing four main themes: (1) Techniques used in toilet training, (2) Problems in toilet training, (3) Negative mood symptoms, and (4) Requirements. Mothers faced many problems in toilet training of their children with intellectual disabilities. They realised that they had to be patient and consistent in this process. They were trying different methods to teach this habit to children. However, the mothers also had the feeling inadequacy. They thought their children could acquire toilet habits more quickly when they were patient, knew how to teach correctly and effectively, and were supported. Indeed, with support applications made or to be made to families, it can be ensured that children can overcome the toilet training process more comfortably and with behaviour acquisition.

Indexed as

Children with intellectual disabilitiesexperiencesmothersqualitative studytoilet training

Identifiers

PMID40291144
PMCPMC12024512

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.