ArticleTherapeutic advances in medical oncology2025
Treatment status, survival and gene expression analysis of large-cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma: a real-world study in China.
Article in Therapeutic advances in medical oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Large-cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare subtype of lung cancer that lacks standard treatment at present. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the treatment status, failure pattern, survival outcome, and gene expression profile of LCNEC in China. Design: This is a real-world retrospective study combined with transcriptome sequencing of LCNEC tumors. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed LCNEC at Beijing Chest Hospital from 2015 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Treatment, failure pattern, and survival were analyzed. Transcriptome sequencing of LCNEC and non-small-cell lung cancer was conducted for differentiated expressed genes exploration and enrichment analysis. Results: In all, 151 eligible patients met the criteria: stage I (24.5%), II (9.9%), IIIA (13.9%), and IIIB-IV (51.7%). Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 7.9 and 17.8 months for an entire cohort of patients. For stage I/II and IIIA patients receiving radical operation or chemoradiation, 47 out of 77 cases developed treatment failure with 2-year cumulative systemic/distant failure (SF), locoregional failure (LRF), and overall failure rates of 65.2%, 52.7%, and 30.8%, respectively. Failure incidence increased with stage development. Stage III disease presented with a significantly higher cumulative SF rate (2-year, 57.3% vs 29.7%; Conclusion: LCNEC is a highly aggressive disease and incorporation of immunotherapy might be an effective treatment option.
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