Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40289793›Full record

ArticleMovement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society2025

Paired Deep Brain Stimuli Elicit Short-Term Facilitation in Globus Pallidus Interna and Subthalamic Nucleus.

Sarah Brinkerhoff, Arie Nakhmani, Alex Varghese, Cameron Gordon, Christopher L Gonzalez, J Nicole Bentley, Marshall T Holland, Harrison C Walker

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Pallidal Evoked Resonant Neural Activity as a Candidate Biomarker for Deep Brain Stimulation in Dystonia.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sarah BrinkerhoffDepartment of Neurology, Heersink of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1030-5233
Arie NakhmaniDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0987-4834
Alex VargheseDepartment of Neurology, Heersink of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Cameron GordonDepartment of Neurology, Heersink of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Christopher L GonzalezDepartment of Neurology, Heersink of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
J Nicole BentleyDepartment of Neurology, Heersink of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Marshall T HollandDepartment of Neurology, Heersink of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Harrison C WalkerDepartment of Neurology, Heersink of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4601-3486

Funding

Noninvasive Biomarkers to Advance Emerging DBS Electrode Technologies in Parkinson's DiseaseUH3NS100553 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI WALKER, HARRISON CARROLL · 2016 to 2021
$7.3M
Stimulus-evoked directional field potentials to guide subthalamic and pallidal DBS for PDUH3NS130202 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Harrison Carroll Walker · 2025 to 2026
$2.9M
Biophysical Characterization of Subthalamic Local Field Potentials in Parkinson's DiseaseR01NS119520 · NINDS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI MCINTYRE, CAMERON · 2021 to 2024
$1.9M
Stimulus-evoked directional field potentials to guide subthalamic and pallidal DBS for PDUG3NS130202 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI WALKER, HARRISON CARROLL · 2024 to 2024
$1.2M
Investigating Inhibitory Control Networks in Parkinson's DiseaseK23NS117735 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI BENTLEY, JESSICA NICOLE · 2021 to 2025
$965k
NINDS NIH HHS K23 NS117735NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS119520NINDS NIH HHS UG3 NS130202NINDS NIH HHS UH3 NS100553NINDS NIH HHS UH3 NS130202
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) elicits oscillatory local field potentials in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and other movement disorders. Greater knowledge about the fast dynamics of these neural responses could shed light on circuit pathophysiology and inform novel approaches to neuromodulation therapies.

objectivesTo compare short-term neuroplasticity in the globus pallidus interna (GPi) and the subthalamic nucleus (STN), the canonical functional targets for PD and dystonia.

methodsDuring surgery for DBS lead implantation, we delivered pairs of stimuli across various interstimulus intervals and amplitudes and recorded DBS-evoked responses from unused contacts on the lead. After stimulus artifact removal, we contrasted the magnitude and timing of the local responses by paired pulse interval and brain target. Additionally, we compared the amplitudes of the DBS-evoked potentials versus resting local field potentials at the same recording site.

resultsIn 14 patients undergoing STN DBS and 9 undergoing GPi DBS, evoked potentials in the STN exhibited greater amplitudes than those in the GPi. However, paired pulse neuroplasticity was larger in the GPi than in the STN. Otherwise, the responses at both sites exhibited similar paired pulse hastening and refractoriness, onset latencies, and frequencies measured by the first two peaks.

conclusionsSingle and paired DBS pulses elicit local oscillations with larger amplitudes in the STN than in the GPi. Otherwise, the responses display similar time dynamics and short-term neuroplasticity. These findings could inform therapeutic innovation with future DBS systems that utilize sensing technologies. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Indexed as

Deep Brain StimulationGlobus PallidusNeuronal PlasticityParkinson DiseaseSubthalamic NucleusAdultAgedEvoked PotentialsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle Ageddeep brain stimulationneural evoked potentialsneuromodulationParkinson's diseaseshort‐term neuroplasticity

Identifiers

PMID40289793
PMCPMC12224288

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.