Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40289680›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025

Factors associated with non-participation in the Healthy Cognitive Ageing Project.

Sarah Assaad, Shabina Hayat, Carol Brayne, Paola Zaninotto, Andrew Steptoe

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In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Factors associated with non-participation in the Healthy Cognitive Ageing Project.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sarah AssaadDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8104-1546
Shabina HayatDepartment of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK.
Carol BrayneDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Paola ZaninottoDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK.
Andrew SteptoeDepartment of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, UK.

Funding

Project-001R01AG017644 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF LONDON INST OF NEUROLOGY · PI Andrew Steptoe · 2000 to 2026
$56.2M
Consortium of UK government departments coordinated by the Economic and Social Research CouncilNational Institute for Health and Care Research (since 2018)NIA NIH HHS R01 AG017644NIA NIH HHS R01AG017644
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUnderstanding cognitive decline trajectories is crucial for dementia prevention, as many cases go undetected. Identifying participation biases in such studies is essential for data validity.

methodsWe examined non-participation correlates in the Healthy Cognitive Ageing Project (HCAP), a sub-study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). We compared sociodemographic and health characteristics of invited, interviewed, and non-interviewed individuals, and assessed the impact of sample weights.

resultsOf 1778 ELSA members invited in 2018, 1273 (72%) participated. Participants were similar to the invited sample in sociodemographics but were younger, had fewer daily living difficulties, and had better cognition. Non-participation was linked to difficulties in daily living (odds ratio 1.78), dementia (1.55), and psychiatric conditions (1.34). Weighted analyses highlighted differences in disability and cognition. DISCUSSION: Non-participation in cognitive studies is not random, lowering response and retention rates, and requiring adjustments to data analysis beyond the use of weights. HIGHLIGHTS: We compared the sociodemographics of invited, interviewed, and non-interviewed individuals. We used sample weights to assess differences in participants' characteristics. We found non-participation linked to daily living difficulties, dementia, and psychiatric conditions.

Indexed as

AgingCognitive AgingCognitive DysfunctionHealthy AgingActivities of Daily LivingAgedAged, 80 and overCognitionDementiaFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle Agedagingcognitioncohortdementianon‐participationnon‐responsestudy weights

Identifiers

PMID40289680
PMCPMC12034936

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.