ArticleBMC microbiology2025
Diversity, antibacterial and phytotoxic activities of intestinal fungi from Epitheca bimaculata.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Insect gut fungi, as specialized microorganisms, are a significant source of bioactive compounds. However, there is currently no systematic research on the diversity of gut fungi in Epitheca bimaculata and their bioactive secondary metabolites. A total of 54 strains of gut fungi were isolated and purified from the gut of E. bimaculata using 12 different isolation media. The identification results revealed that these fungal strains were distributed across seven classes (Agaricomycetes, Cystobasidiomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Sordariomycetes, Saccharomycetes, and Zygomycetes) in 17 genera. The dominant genera were Irpex, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Mucor, and Talaromyces, with isolation frequencies of 14.81%, 12.96%, 12.96%, 11.11%, and 9.25%, respectively. Antibacterial tests showed that six strains extracts exhibited inhibitory activity against at least one of the tested bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus tetragenus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae). Phytotoxic tests indicated that strains QTU-39, QTU-22, QTU-9, QTU-41, QTU-37, QTU-28, and QTU-25 showed strong phytotoxic activity against Echinochloa crusgalli with the inhibition rate of exceeding 93.5%. Seven monomer compounds, including citrinin (1), emodin (2), citreorosein (3), 8-hydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9 H-xanthene-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (4), ergosterol (5), rubratoxin B (6), and erythrol (7), and two compounds, including flufuran (8) and 4-N-butylpyridine-2-carboxylic acid (9) were isolated from Penicillium sp. QTU-25 and Pestalotiopsis sp. QTU-28, respectively. Among these, compound 1 exhibited strong antibacterial activity against four pathogenic bacteria (S. aureus, M. tetragenus, E. coli, and P. syringae pv. actinidiae), with the IZD of 20.0, 18.0, 22.3, 24.1 mm, which were equal to those of positive gentamicin sulfate with the IZD of 25.7, 22.7, 27.6, 24.6 mm, respectively. Compound 9 also exhibited strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, M. tetragenus, E. coli, and P. syringae pv. actinidiae, with the IZD of 14.3, 17.3, 13.3, and 21.1 mm, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 6 exhibited strong phytotoxic activity against E. crusgalli and Abutilon theophrasti with an inhibition rate of 97.4% and 87.4% at a concentration of 100 µg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the fungi isolated from the gut of E. bimaculata exhibited significant microbial diversity, representing a promising natural source of antibacterial and herbicidal compounds.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.