Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40286151›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Remote Co-Loading of Doxorubicin and Hydralazine into PEGylated Liposomes: In Vitro Anti-Proliferative Effect Against Breast Cancer.

Walhan Alshaer, Zainab Lafi, Hamdi Nsairat, Baidaa AlQuaissi, Dana A Alqudah, Hadil Zureigat, Islam Hamad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Walhan AlshaerCell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.ORCID 0000-0003-2946-7328
Zainab LafiPharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.ORCID 0000-0003-2847-2416
Hamdi NsairatPharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.
Baidaa AlQuaissiCell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
Dana A AlqudahCell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
Hadil ZureigatDepartment of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Islam HamadFaculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, Amman 11821, Jordan.ORCID 0000-0003-4326-8624

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent, demonstrates efficacy against various types of cancer. Combining DOX with the antihypertensive drug hydralazine (HDZ) has been proposed as cardioprotective combination therapy, allowing for the use of a reduced DOX dose. The current study describes the remote co-loading of DOX and HDZ into PEGylated liposomes using, for the first time, a simultaneous pH gradient technique. First, PEGylated liposomes were prepared using an ethanol injection method and remotely loaded with DOX and HDZ. Then, DOX- and HDZ-loaded liposomes (Lip-DOX-HDZ) were characterized using DLS, TEM, FTIR, thermal analysis, drug leakage, and stability. Furthermore, the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity were evaluated in two human breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231) and two normal cell lines (human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and rat cardiac cells (H9C2)). The results revealed that Lip-DOX-HDZ had a particle size of 158 ± 18 nm, PDI of 0.22 ± 0.08, and zeta potential of -22 ± 5 mV. The encapsulation efficiency of DOX and HDZ was 90% and 30%, respectively. Moreover, the IC

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsDoxorubicinHydralazineLiposomesPolyethylene GlycolsAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationCell SurvivalFemaleHumansMCF-7 CellsParticle SizeRatsDoxorubicinHydralazineLiposomesPolyethylene Glycolsbreast cancercardiotoxicitycombination therapydoxorubicinhydralazineliposomespH gradientremote loading

Identifiers

PMID40286151
PMCPMC11990610

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.