ArticleClinical pharmacokinetics2025
Pharmacometabolomics Detects Various Unreported Metoprolol Metabolites in Urine of (Potential) Living Kidney Donors and Kidney Transplant Recipients.
Article in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02811835 (Renal Sensing of the Acidifying Effect of Sulphur-containing Amino Acids), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Renal Sensing of the Acidifying Effect of Sulphur-containing Amino Acids: Consequences for the Relation Between Protein Intake and Blood Pressure in Renal Transplant Recipients
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveMetoprolol is primarily metabolized via the polymorphic cytochrome P450-2D6 (CYP2D6) enzyme, which underlies interindividual variation in conversion rates and may benefit from pharmacogenetics-driven therapy personalization. However, the field relies heavily on knowledge of a drug's metabolism, often originating from early-phase clinical trials with single-dose administration in small samples of healthy volunteers. Pharmacogenetics could thus benefit from real-world drug metabolism studies.
methodsWe conducted a real-world drug metabolism study for metoprolol in 18 (potential) living kidney donors and 374 kidney transplant recipients from the Transplant Lines Food and Nutrition Biobank and Cohort Study (NCT02811835) using existing liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry pharmacometabolomic data.
resultsIn both groups, we confirmed the presence of seven expected metabolites, including the high-abundance substances metoprolol acid and hydroxymetoprolol. We were unable to detect deisopropylmetoprolol and a metabolite known as "H 119/68". However, we did find putative further oxidized forms, namely the expected variant of deisopropylmetoprolol in which the primary amine is removed and the leftover methyl group is oxidized into a carboxylic acid ("H 104/83") and an unknown/unreported metoprolol metabolite that we refer to as "metoprolol benzoic acid". Moreover, we found nine other previously unknown/unreported metabolites, putatively reflecting N-glucuronidated metoprolol, four glucuronidated versions of hydroxymetoprolol, and a formylated, a glucuronidated, and two hydroxylated versions of metoprolol acid. Interestingly, the same metabolites were detected in potential living kidney donors and kidney transplant recipients, and metabolite profiles did not differ between both groups in principal component analysis.
conclusionWe found more metoprolol metabolites than previously reported, calling for replication studies and evaluation of pharmacogenetic testing approaches to realize safer, more effective metoprolol therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.