Building a Realistic Virtual Luge Experience Using Photogrammetry.

Virtual reality (VR) continues to evolve, offering immersive experiences across various domains, especially in virtual training scenarios. The aim of this study is to present the development of a VR simulator and to examine its realism, usability, and acceptance by luge experts after an experiment with a VR simulation. We present a novel photogrammetry sensing to VR pipeline for the sport of luge designed with the goal to be as close to the real luge experience as possible, potentially enabling users to learn critical techniques safely prior to real-world trials. Key features of our application include realistic terrain created with photogrammetry and responsive sled dynamics. A consultation of experts from the Austrian Luge Federation led to several design improvements to the VR environment, especially based on user experience aspects such as lifelike feedback and interface responsiveness. Furthermore, user interaction was optimized to enable precise steering and maneuvering. Moreover, two learning modes were developed to accommodate user experience levels (novice and expert). The results indicated a good level of realism of the VR luge simulator. Participants reported scene, audience behavior, and sound realism scores that ranged from 3/5 to 4/5. Our findings indicated adequate usability (system usability score: 72.7, SD = 13.9). Moderate scores were observed for the acceptance of VRodel. In conclusion, our virtual luge application offers a promising avenue for exploring the potential of VR technology in delivering authentic outdoor recreation experiences that could increase safety in the sport of luge. By integrating advanced sensing, simulations, and interactive features, we aim to push the boundaries of realism in virtual lugeing and pave the way for future advancements in immersive entertainment and simulation applications.