Monocular Initialization for Real-Time Feature-Based SLAM in Dynamic Environments with Multiple Frames.

Two-view epipolar initialization for feature-based monocular SLAM with the RANSAC approach is challenging in dynamic environments. This paper presents a universal and practical method for improving the automatic estimation of initial poses and landmarks across multiple frames in real time. Image features corresponding to the same spatial points are matched and tracked across consecutive frames, and those that belong to stationary points are identified using ST-RANSAC, an algorithm designed to detect inliers based on both spatial and temporal consistency. Two-view epipolar computations are then performed in parallel among frames and corresponding features to select the most reliable initialization. The proposed method is integrated with ORB-SLAM3 and evaluated on dynamic datasets for comparative analysis with the baseline. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method improves the accuracy of initial pose estimations with the construction of static landmarks while significantly reducing feature extraction scale and computational cost.