Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40284949›Full record

ArticleViruses2025

Cinnamaldehyde Inhibits the Replication of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Type 2 In Vitro.

Junzhu Song, Jingyu Zhang, Jian Chen, Songbiao Chen, Zuhua Yu, Lei He, Ke Ding, Ying Wei

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Virus infection and vesicle trafficking.Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Junzhu SongLaboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.ORCID 0009-0003-1418-0014
Jingyu ZhangLaboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
Jian ChenLaboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
Songbiao ChenLaboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
Zuhua YuLaboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.
Lei HeLaboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.ORCID 0009-0001-3647-4553
Ke DingLaboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1005-964X
Ying WeiLaboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 32302887
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Globally, the swine industry suffers significant economic losses due to the presence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Unfortunately, existing vaccines fail to offer adequate protection against the various strains of PRRSV, and there are currently no specific treatments available for this virus. In this study, we screened four natural products and identified cinnamaldehyde (CA) as an effective inhibitor of PRRSV infection in Marc-145 cells. CA could achieve an inhibition rate of up to 93% on PRRSV N protein at 160 μM. Mechanistically, CA exerted anti-PRRSV ability in different treatment modes. CA could directly interact with PRRSV particles. Cinnamaldehyde blocks the binding, entry, replication, and release of PRRSV. Furthermore, a significant reduction in dsRNA levels was observed in the CA-treated groups compared to the control groups. In conclusion, our research demonstrated that CA could inhibit essential stages of the PRRSV lifecycle: binding, entry, replication, and release. CA could directly interact with PRRSV. Additionally, CA disrupted the expression of dsRNA during viral replication, thereby suppressing in vitro PRRSV replication in Marc-145 cells. This study provides crucial perspectives on the potential application of CA for the prevention and treatment of PRRS.

Indexed as

AcroleinAntiviral AgentsPorcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virusVirus ReplicationAnimalsCell LinePorcine Reproductive and Respiratory SyndromeSwineVirus InternalizationAcroleinAntiviral Agentscinnamaldehydeantiviral activitycinnamaldehydedsRNAPRRSV

Identifiers

PMID40284949
PMCPMC12031439

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.