Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40284362›Full record

ReviewPolymers2025

From Manual to Automated: Exploring the Evolution of Switchover Methods in Injection Molding Processes-A Review.

Christian Bielenberg, Markus Stommel, Peter Karlinger

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Christian BielenbergDepartment of Plastics Technology, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Rosenheim Technical University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstraße 1, 83024 Rosenheim, Germany.
Markus StommelFaculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Helmholtzstr. 10, 01062 Dresden, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-0406-5800
Peter KarlingerDepartment of Plastics Technology, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Rosenheim Technical University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstraße 1, 83024 Rosenheim, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thermoplastic injection molding is a widely used process for producing complex three-dimensional plastic parts with tight dimensional tolerances. A key determinant of part quality is the switchover point-the transition from velocity-controlled filling to pressure-controlled packing. This transition affects critical product attributes, such as d imensional accuracy, weight consistency, and surface finish. Precise control of the switchover point enhances process stability, robustness, and adaptability. This review consolidates recent advancements in switchover methods and adaptive control techniques. Improvements in traditional methods include the use of pressure gradient detection to mitigate viscosity variations and adaptive control to refine stroke- and time-dependent switchovers. In addition, deformation-based strategies detect the mold-opening force associated with cavity pressure through clamping force, mold separation, or tie-bar elongation. The integration of machine learning and feature extraction techniques enables the real-time adjustment of the switchover point by mapping relationships between process parameters and quality criteria. In addition, ultrasonic sensors provide non-invasive melt front detection, reducing the risk of mold damage. Real-time simulations, updated through nozzle pressure feedback, complement these methods to achieve precise switchover timing. This review also identifies persistent challenges, such as sensitivity to material properties, machine wear, and environmental conditions, and it explores future directions for improving the accuracy and adaptability of switchover control in modern injection molding processes.

Indexed as

adaptive controlmachine learningplastic injection moldingprocess controlswitchoverv/p

Identifiers

PMID40284362
PMCPMC12030100

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.