ArticlePolymers2025
SEM Investigation of Failure Mechanisms in Twaron
Article in Polymers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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Abstract
This paper presents a synthesis of failures of aramid fibers used in protective systems, with the help of SEM images obtained from three types of samples (panels made of fabrics with aramid fibers) tested against bullets, knives and spikes. This investigation is useful when using a step-by-step magnification and even macro photos in order to explain the mechanical failures of fibers. Several types of failure mechanisms (shear and tensile break, local bending, debonding from the matrix, fibrillation, local necking, etc.) were detected and discussed. Almost all of these failure mechanisms are present, with different densities of occurrence, in the studied panels made of aramid fibers. The description of failure mechanisms had to be conducted following the test conditions accurately. Failure mechanisms of aramid fibers are particularly relevant due to their specific molecular chains making them adequate for applications like ballistic and bladed weapon attacks.
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