ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025
The Impact of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Behaviors on Mental Health and Well-Being Among Baltic Countries Adolescents: Findings from the HBSC Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
This study explored the association between ideal cardiovascular health behaviors (ICHBs) and mental health and well-being in Baltic adolescents using data from the 2018 HBSC survey. ICHBs included smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, and healthy diet adherence. Mental health included low mood, irritability, nervousness, and sleep difficulties, while well-being included life satisfaction and self-reported health. Multi-regression analyses were performed. The study included 12,934 adolescents (mean age: 13.6 ± 1.6 years). Non-smokers, non-overweight individuals, and physically active participants were more likely to report good mental health, higher life satisfaction, and better self-reported health. Adherence to a healthy diet was linked to improved self-reported health and greater life satisfaction. Compared to those with four ICHBs (reference), adolescents with only one ICHB had higher odds of feeling low (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.13-0.62), irritability (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19-0.66), nervousness (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13-0.55), and sleep difficulties (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.14-0.61). Adolescents with two ICHBs had higher odds of feeling low (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.20-0.97) and nervousness (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.19-0.83). These findings highlight the importance of promoting multiple ideal health behaviors to improve mental health and well-being among adolescents.
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