Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40281704›Full record

ArticleBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2025

A 3D Printing-Based Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement Simulator: Development and Validation.

Yuanzhang Liu, Yu Mao, Yiwei Wang, Ping Jin, Mengen Zhai, Yang Liu, Jian Yang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. The New Frontiers of Artificial Organ Engineering.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yuanzhang LiuDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Yu MaoDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Yiwei WangDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Ping JinDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Mengen ZhaiDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Yang LiuDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Jian YangDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2059-1912

Funding

Development and Transformation of New Technology and Construction of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment System for Transcatheter Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment of Structural Heart Diseases 2022YFC2503400National Natural Science Foundation 82370375Research on Key Techniques of Minimally Invasive Treatment for Valvular Heart Diseases 2023-YBSF-105Xijing Hospital Booster Foundation XJZT24LY42
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSevere pulmonary regurgitation (PR) often occurs after treatment of tetralogy of Fallot with a valve ring patch, leading to enlargement and diverse morphological characteristics of the native right ventricular outflow tract (nRVOT), which increases the difficulty of transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR). The purpose of this study was to use the TPVR simulator to help doctors improve their surgical skills by simulating the surgical process in vitro.

methodsThe TPVR simulator was developed using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology under computer-aided design. In this study, the TPVR simulator was used for preoperative simulation training and teaching. First, 10 specialists were equally divided into a 3D-printed group and a non-3D-printed group, each performing one TPVR; then, another six specialists and six young surgeons were selected to complete three TPVR simulations.

resultsFor the 3D-printed simulation group, the over-flap time (5.22 min (range: 4.85-5.87 min) vs. 6.72 min (range: 6.12-7.70 min),

conclusionsThe reliability and validity of the TPVR simulator was initially demonstrated and has the potential to be a teaching and training tool for surgeons.

Indexed as

cardiovascular 3D printingsimulationtrainingtranscatheter pulmonary valve replacement

Identifiers

PMID40281704
PMCPMC12025080

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.