ArticleBMC geriatrics2025
The effects of public long-term care insurance on the long-term care industry in China: a quasi-experimental study.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Measuring financial risk protection in long-term care insurance among older adults: quasi-experimental evidence from China.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Long-term care insurance and health outcomes among older adults with disabilities: evidence from a support system reconfiguration perspective.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Effects of long-term care insurance on women's time allocation: evidence from pilot regions in China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Can long-term care insurance pilots promote urban industrial structure upgrading? Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment using the China Family Panel Studies.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Assessing the Alignment of Long-Term Care Insurance Benefits and Service Provision: Evidence from Shandong, China and Implications for Implementation Risk.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026Article
- Factors affecting the supply of long-term care services in China: a supply-side perspective on designated facilities.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Improving healthcare efficiency through long-term care insurance (LTCI): a super-SBM and DID analysis of 291 Chinese cities.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Coupling coordination evaluation and influencing factors analysis of older adult care service resource supply and demand in China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMeeting the increasing need for long-term care (LTC) is a pressing issue for aging societies worldwide. The public long-term care insurance (LTCI) scheme offers a potential solution to this challenge. However, limited research has been conducted on the scheme's impact on the LTC industry. Utilizing the unique research opportunity presented by the pilot LTCI scheme in China, this study evaluated the policy effects on the LTC industry and investigated the heterogeneity of these effects.
methodsThe unit of analysis was prefecture-level cities. We collected over 456 thousand records of registration information for LTC organizations from three national platforms, which were then aggregated at the city level. The development of the LTC industry in each city was measured using two dependent variables: the annual increase in the number and registered capital of LTC organizations. We collected city-level socioeconomic and demographic confounding factors from the China City Statistical Yearbooks and census data. These data constituted an unbalanced panel dataset of 3,949 city-year observations for 289 prefecture-level cities. We employed a staggered difference-in-differences model to evaluate the policy effects.
resultsThe LTCI scheme led to an additional increase of 157.85 (95% CI: 124.23-191.46) in the number of LTC organizations and of 3.44 billion yuan (US$531.48 million; 95% CI: 2.46-4.43) in the registered capital of LTC organizations per city. The policy effects were particularly pronounced for LTC organizations providing non-residential care services or operating as enterprises. For instance, the scheme resulted in an additional increase of 156.27 (95% CI: 122.68-189.85) in the number of non-residential care organizations, nearly 95 times greater than the increase for residential care organizations (1.65; 95% CI 0.05-3.24). Similarly, the scheme led to an additional increase of 157.54 enterprises per city (95% CI: 125.41-189.67), a substantially greater effect than that observed for individual businesses (6.39; 95% CI: 1.55-11.24). However, it did not affect the number of LTC organizations operating as civil non-enterprises or public institutions.
conclusionThese findings highlight the significant impact of public LTCI scheme on the growth of the LTC industry, particularly for non-residential care services and enterprise-operated organizations.
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