ArticleBMC oral health2025
Interleukin-37 reduces lipopolysaccharide induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 in gingival epithelial cells.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundIn periodontal diseases, the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) triggers signaling cascades that lead to the release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is recognized as a key suppressor of the immune response. This study aimed to detect the expression and distribution of IL-37 in gingival tissues and analyze its suppressor role in MMP-9 in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated gingival epithelial cells.
methodsImmunohistochemistry localized IL-37 in gingival tissues from periodontitis patients and healthy controls (N = 10). The induction of IL-37 expression by LPS was analyzed using the conditioned medium of gingival epithelial cells through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To determine the relevant MMP-9 levels in epithelial cells following exposure to LPS alone or in combination with IL-37, both quantitative PCR (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed.
resultsCultured epithelial cells secreted significantly higher levels of IL-37 when stimulated with LPS compared to unstimulated controls. Both ELISA and qPCR showed that LPS stimulation significantly increased MMP-9 levels. However, co-culture with IL-37 markedly reduced LPS-induced MMP-9 expression at both the protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed increased IL-37 expression in periodontitis tissues, both in epithelial cells and connective tissue.
conclusionsGingival epithelial cells may contribute to tissue responses in periodontitis through the secretion of MMP-9 in response to PAMPs. Furthermore, IL-37 appears to have a potential role in modulating and reducing this response, as observed in the decreased MMP-9 expression following IL-37 co-stimulation.
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