Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40281237›Full record

ArticleBJC reports2025

Cancer risk according to lifestyle risk score trajectories: a population-based cohort study.

Thi Minh Thu Khong, Thi Tra Bui, Hee-Yeon Kang, Eunjung Park, Moran Ki, Yoon-Jung Choi, Byungmi Kim, Jin-Kyoung Oh

Abstract read
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Article in BJC reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. GermlineGenes · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Thi Minh Thu KhongNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Thi Tra BuiNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7227-0593
Hee-Yeon KangNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Eunjung ParkNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3586-5800
Moran KiNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-7104
Yoon-Jung ChoiNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8168-0228
Byungmi KimNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8621-9190
Jin-Kyoung OhNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea. jkoh@ncc.re.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9331-3054

Funding

National Cancer Center NCC-2210862
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile individual lifestyle behaviors have been associated with cancer risk, combined impact of these factors remains understudied. This research explores relationships between lifestyle risk score trajectories and cancer risk within the Korean population.

methodsA cohort of 3,451,189 cancer-free men and women who participated in a health examination between 2002 and 2003, provided by the National Health Insurance, was studied. Lifestyle risk score trajectories were determined using group-based trajectory modeling based on total score of four modifiable unhealthy behaviors: current smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, excess body weight, and physical inactivity repeatedly observed three times between 2002 and 2007. Scores ranged between 0 (low risk) and 8 (high risk). The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to examine the association between these trajectories and cancer incidence.

resultsDuring the follow-up time (2008-2019), 312,075 cancer cases were identified. Among men, seven trajectories were identified, and trajectories of high lifestyle risk scores increased cancer risk of all cancer combined, cancer subgroupings, upper aero-digestive, stomach, colorectal, liver, gallbladder, pancreatic, lung, and bladder cancer, but inverse relation was observed for prostate cancer. Among women, four trajectory groups showed similar trends.

conclusionsMaintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding unhealthy behaviors are essential for cancer prevention.

Identifiers

PMID40281237
PMCPMC12032105

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.