Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40281044›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Synergistic effects and optimization of cement kiln dust and glass powder incorporation in self compacting mortar using central composite design.

Redha Hammouche, Cherif Belebchouche, Abdelkader Hammoudi, Abdellah Douadi, Kamel Hebbache, Mourad Boutlikht, Amirouche Berkouche, Mohammed Khishe

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Redha HammoucheMaterials and Durability of Constructions Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences of Technology, University of Constantine 1 Frères Mentouri, 25000, Constantine, Algeria.
Cherif BelebchoucheMaterials and Durability of Constructions Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences of Technology, University of Constantine 1 Frères Mentouri, 25000, Constantine, Algeria.
Abdelkader HammoudiDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Bejaia, 06000, Bejaia, Algeria.
Abdellah DouadiDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Setif 1 University Ferhat Abbas, 19000, Sétif, Algeria.
Kamel HebbacheDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Setif 1 University Ferhat Abbas, 19000, Sétif, Algeria.
Mourad BoutlikhtDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Setif 1 University Ferhat Abbas, 19000, Sétif, Algeria.
Amirouche BerkoucheLMSE Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, Mohamed El-Bachir El-Ibrahimi University of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bordj Bou Arrerid, Algeria.
Mohammed KhisheDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Imam Khomeini Naval Science University of Nowshahr, Nowshahr, Iran. m_khishe@alumni.iust.ac.ir.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the optimization of self-compacting mortar (SCM) properties incorporating cement kiln dust (CKD) and glass powder (GP) as partial replacements for ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Slump, flow, compressive strength, flexural strength, and porosity were studied by central composite design (CDD) to investigate the impact of CKD and GP (0-25% each). Material variability was understood using statistical models developed from SCM property prediction (R

Indexed as

Carbon footprintCement kiln dustCentral composite designGlass powderOptimizationSelf-compacting mortar

Identifiers

PMID40281044
PMCPMC12032245

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.