Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40280543›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2026

Associations Between a Genetic Liability Toward Externalizing and Behavioral Outcomes Spanning Toddlerhood Through Early Adulthood in Five Developmental Cohorts.

Maia Choi, Holly E Poore, Sarah J Brislin, Peter B Barr, Fazil Aliev, Stephanie Zellers, Gretchen R B Saunders, Jessica E Salvatore, Scott I Vrieze, K Paige Harden and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Maia ChoiRutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey. Electronic address: maia.choi@rutgers.edu.
Holly E PooreRutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.
Sarah J BrislinRutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.
Peter B BarrVeteran's Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, New York; SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York.
Fazil AlievRutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.
Stephanie ZellersUniversity of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Gretchen R B SaundersUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Jessica E SalvatoreRutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.
Scott I VriezeUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
K Paige HardenUniversity of Texas, Austin, Texas.
Abraham A PalmerUniversity of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
Anu RaevuoriUniversity of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Antti LatvalaUniversity of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
COGA Collaborators
Danielle M DickRutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey. Electronic address: Danielle.m.dick@rutgers.edu.

Funding

National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health): Wave VII Core ProjectU01AG071448 · NIA · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ROBERT A HUMMER · 2021 to 2026
$40.2M
National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health): Wave VI Cognition and Early Risk Factors for Dementia ProjectU01AG071450 · NIA · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI AIELLO, ALLISON E, HUMMER, ROBERT A · 2021 to 2025
$16.2M
The Effects of Cannabis Legalization and Persistent Use: A Longitudinal Study of Two Twin CohortsR01DA042755 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Jarrod Martin Ellingson, SOO H RHEE · 2017 to 2026
$9.9M
The development of alcohol misuse and related problems from adolescence to early midlifeR01AA015416 · NIAAA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI DICK, DANIELLE M, SALVATORE, JESSICA E · 2005 to 2024
$7.6M
A Longitudinal Study of Adopted Youth and Their FamiliesR01MH066140 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI MCGUE, MATTHEW K. · 2003 to 2013
$5.8M
Using the Genetic Architecture of Substance Use Disorders to Advance Gene Identification and Understanding of Pathways of RiskR01DA050721 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI DANIELLE M DICK · 2020 to 2026
$3.9M
Adult consequences of youth substance use: Twin study enriched for SUD riskR01DA036216 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI IACONO, WILLIAM G. · 2013 to 2017
$3.2M
A Twin Study of Adolescent Alcohol and Drug Use Development: Leveraging Intensive Longitudinal AssessmentsU01DA046413 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI FRIEDMAN, NAOMI P., VRIEZE, SCOTT IAN · 2018 to 2022
$2.7M
Genetic Association Meta-Analyses of Smoking and Drinking for the Sequencing AgeR01DA037904 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI VRIEZE, SCOTT IAN · 2015 to 2019
$2.4M
Social Media, Online Measures, and Substance Use Development in Adolescent TwinsR01AA023974 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI VRIEZE, SCOTT IAN · 2014 to 2016
$1.6M
Rutgers Training in Addiction Research ProgramT32DA055569 · NIDA · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Robert Christopher Pierce · 2023 to 2026
$1.6M
Twin, molecular, and developmental approaches to understanding alcohol misuseK02AA018755 · NIAAA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI DICK, DANIELLE M · 2010 to 2019
$1.3M
NIAAA NIH HHS K01 AA024152NIAAA NIH HHS K02 AA018755NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA015416NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA023974NIA NIH HHS U01 AG071448NIA NIH HHS U01 AG071450NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA059657NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA036216NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA037904NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA042755NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA050721NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA055569NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA046413NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH066140
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveUnderstanding how genetic risk unfolds across development will be important for using genetics to inform prevention and early intervention. The current study leverages information from 5 large datasets to characterize behavioral manifestations of a genetic liability toward externalizing from ages 6 months to 26 years.

methodWe used polygenic scores (PGS) derived from a multivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) of externalizing that identified hundreds of significantly associated genetic variants (EXT

resultsThe EXT

conclusionA genetic liability toward externalizing is associated a wide array of behaviors and psychiatric/substance use outcomes beginning as early as childhood and through emerging adulthood. The early emergence and breadth of behaviors associated with a genetic liability toward externalizing could inform prevention and intervention. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: This study leverages information from 5 large datasets to characterize behavioral manifestations of a genetic liability toward externalizing symptoms from ages 6 months to 26 years. A genetic liability toward externalizing symptoms was associated with a wide array of externalizing behaviors and psychiatric/substance use outcomes beginning as early as childhood and through emerging adulthood. The early emergence and breadth of behaviors associated with a genetic liability toward externalizing could inform prevention and intervention. STUDY REGISTRATION INFORMATION: Mapping Genetic Risk for Externalizing Behavior in Childhood, Adolescence, and Early Adulthood; https://osf.io/7g4ak/.

Indexed as

Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseAdolescentAdultAttention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior DisordersChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansInfantMaleMultifactorial InheritancePhenotypeProblem BehaviorSubstance-Related Disordersbehavioral undercontroldevelopmentexternalizingpolygenicsubstance use

Identifiers

PMID40280543
PMCPMC13267360

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.