Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40278965›Full record

ArticleMolecular biotechnology2026

Dingkun Pill-Mediated TGF-β1/Smad2 Pathway Effects on Granulosa Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis.

Lan Chen, Xiaojing Yan, Yuanpei Lian, Dijun Wang, Jiali Cai, Chunyan Yin, Ji Cao

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lan ChenMeng Research Institute, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
Xiaojing YanMeng Research Institute, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China. Xiaojingyan@finmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-0723-1402
Yuanpei LianMeng Research Institute, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
Dijun WangMeng Research Institute, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
Jiali CaiMeng Research Institute, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
Chunyan YinMeng Research Institute, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.
Ji CaoMeng Research Institute, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To investigate influences of Dingkun Pill on granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis (P&A) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mice and its association with the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway (SPW) activity. Forty-eight female SD mice were rolled into experimental group (EG, Dingkun Pill), control group (CG, metformin), model group (MG, distilled water), and normal group (NG, distilled water), with 12 mice per group. The Beloosesky method was employed to establish the PCOS mouse model. Serum hormone (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T)), expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rat ovarian tissue and expression of HOXA10 in endometrial tissue, cell P&A, and expression level (EL) of TGF-β1 and Smad2 were compared among groups. Compared to the MG, the EG and CG exhibited significantly reduced levels of FSH, LH, and testosterone, while estradiol levels were significantly elevated. Furthermore, granulosa cell proliferation was notably enhanced, and the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In addition, the expression of VEGF in ovarian tissue, as well as the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad2, was significantly lower in EG and CG compared to MG, while the expression of the HOXA10 gene in the endometrium was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared to CG, EG showed higher ovarian VEGF expression and lower HOXA10 gene expression (P < 0.05).Dingkun Pill notably improves serum hormone in a PCOS mouse model, inhibits granulosa cell apoptosis, and enhances granulosa cell proliferation activity. This effect is likely mediated through the inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad2 SPW, suggesting a protective role of Dingkun Pill in PCOS.

Indexed as

ApoptosisDrugs, Chinese HerbalGranulosa CellsPolycystic Ovary SyndromeSignal TransductionSmad2 ProteinTransforming Growth Factor beta1AnimalsCell ProliferationDisease Models, AnimalFemaleFollicle Stimulating HormoneHomeobox A10 ProteinsLuteinizing HormoneMiceRatsDrugs, Chinese HerbalFollicle Stimulating HormoneHomeobox A10 ProteinsLuteinizing HormoneSmad2 ProteinSmad2 protein, mouseTransforming Growth Factor beta1Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ACell proliferation and apoptosisDingkun PillPolycystic ovary syndromeSerum hormonesTGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway

Identifiers

PMID40278965

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.