ArticleBrain : a journal of neurology2025
Markers of axonal injury in blood and tissue triggered by acute and chronic demyelination.
Article in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating the neurofilament light chain-derived gap between biological and chronological age in multiple sclerosis and controls.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Association Between Neurofilament Light Chain and Real-World Ambulatory Function in Progressive MS.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Transcending genome-wide association studies to create useful multi-omic views of glaucoma.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2026Review
- Blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease: potential utility in clinical practice.Current opinion in neurology · 2026Review
- Serum NfL and GFAP in post-COVID syndrome: minimal evidence of CNS injury after adjusting for confounders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Remyelination therapies are achievable in clinical practice-Yes.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Article
- Myelin injury precedes axonal injury and symptomatic onset in multiple sclerosis.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Multiple sclerosis: 2026 update.Free neuropathology · 2026Review
- Combined serum neurofilament light chain and Tau as biomarkers of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Integrated stress response inhibition prolongs the lifespan of a Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease mouse model by increasing oligodendrocyte survival.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Spironolactone Targets Retinoid X Receptor γ to Promote Myelin Sheath Regeneration.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
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21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neuroaxonal injury is a major driver of irreversible disability in demyelinating conditions. Accurate assessment of the association between demyelination and axonal pathology is critical for evaluating and developing effective therapeutic approaches. Measuring neurofilament light chain (NfL) in the blood could putatively allow longitudinal monitoring of neuroaxonal injury at 'single protein resolution' with high pathological specificity. Here, we demonstrate a robust association between blood and tissue NfL-based assessment of neuroaxonal injury and severity of inflammatory demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE). In EAE, high levels of NfL were evident at the peak of demyelination and correlated with tissue evidence of NfL loss when using antibodies that target the same NfL epitopes. In addition, we validate the longitudinal NfL dynamics in relation to de- and remyelination in an inducible genetic model of inflammatory-independent myelin loss. Through inducible knockout of myelin regulatory factor (Myrf) in proteolipid protein (PLP) expressing cells in Myrffl/fl PLP1-CreERT (MyrfΔiPLP) mice, serum NfL peaked at the time of demyelination and reduced following effective remyelination. In people with multiple sclerosis, the most common demyelinating condition, we confirmed the association between NfL and myelin breakdown proteins in two independent cohorts using Olink proximity extension assays, the ReBUILD clinical trial and the multiple sclerosis participants in the UK-Biobank. Our study provides a translational framework to understand the biology behind NfL changes in the context of de- and remyelination and reveals novel aspects related to monitoring potentially reversible neuroaxonal pathology in humans and rodents.
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