ReviewJournal of xenobiotics2025
Associations of Environmental Exposure to Arsenic, Manganese, Lead, and Cadmium with Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Recent Evidence from Mechanistic Studies.
Review in Journal of xenobiotics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cumulative and Interactive Effects of Heavy Metal Mixtures Across Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Comparative Review of Alzheimer, Parkinson, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- Trace Elements Dyshomeostasis and Toxic Metals Neurotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Trace Elements Dyshomeostasis and Toxic Metals Neurotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Aging in a highly polluted world: challenges and solutions to prevent Alzheimer's disease.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Arsenic Promotes Intracellular AβBiological trace element research · 2026Article
- iPSC-Derived 3D Brain Organoids as Next-generation Platforms to Study Viral and Toxicant-associated Neurodegeneration.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Sulfur-Containing Amino Acid Homeostasis in the Central Nervous System: From Physiology Regulation to Metal-Induced Neurotoxicity.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Impacts of iodine factory effluents on the water quality and ecosystem health of Incheh Lagoon in Iran.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neurotransmitter Systems in Alzheimer's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Modeling Alzheimer's disease with brain organoids: mechanisms, applications, and future directions.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Exposome influences: a multi-omics perspective on the combined toxic effects of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Review
- Protective Role of Multiple Essential Minerals Against Cadmium-Related Cognitive Decline in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Prospective Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Occurrence of Potentially Toxic Metals Detected in Milk and Dairy Products in Türkiye: An Assessment in Terms of Human Exposure and Health Risks.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Epidemiological Evidence on the Associations of Metal Exposure with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Among Elderly Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- DNA methylation and the APP gene: dietary influences in the context of Alzheimer's disease-a mini review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies indicate that populations exposed to environmental toxicants such as heavy metals have a higher likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to those unexposed, indicating a potential association between heavy metals exposure and AD. The aim of this review is to summarize contemporary mechanistic research exploring the associations of four important metals, arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), with AD and possible pathways, processes, and molecular mechanisms on the basis of data from the most recent mechanistic studies. Primary research publications published during the last decade were identified via a search of the PubMed Database. A thorough literature search and final screening yielded 45 original research articles for this review. Of the 45 research articles, 6 pertain to As, 9 to Mn, 21 to Pb, and 9 to Cd exposures and AD pathobiology. Environmental exposure to these heavy metals induces a wide range of pathological processes that intersect with well-known mechanisms leading to AD, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, autophagy dysfunction, and tau hyperphosphorylation. While exposure to single metals shares some affected pathways, certain effects are unique to specific metals. For instance, Pb disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and mitochondrial functions and alters AD-related genes epigenetically. Cd triggers neuronal senescence via p53/p21/Rb. As disrupts nitric oxide (NO) signaling, cortical, and synaptic function. Mn causes glutamate excitotoxicity and dopamine neuron damage. Our review provides a deeper understanding of biological mechanisms showing how metals contribute to AD. Information regarding the potential metal-induced toxicity relevant to AD may help us develop effective therapeutic AD intervention, treatment, and prevention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.