ReviewCells2025
Immune Dysregulation in Depression and Anxiety: A Review of the Immune Response in Disease and Treatment.
Review in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nonlinear association between body roundness index and depressive symptoms in women of reproductive age: The mediating role of systemic inflammation.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Closed-Loop Neuromodulation for Brain Fatigue: From Real-Time Biomarkers to Adaptive Intervention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lycopene attenuates dexamethasone induced depression like behavior and immunological dysfunction via restoration of neuro-immune-metabolic homeostasis in rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Psychiatric Disorders: Current Evidence, Inflammation-Based Stratification, and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Symposium on Hidradenitis Suppurativa Advances 2025 Proceedings.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Targeting Neuroinflammation in Depression: The Integrative Role of Sigma-1 Receptor Modulation.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Review
- Amino Acid-Fatty Acid Profile as a Novel Predictive Method in the Assessment of Diagnosis and Treatment Efficacy of Anxiety-Related Disorders and Mood Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy for depression: targeting cytokine pathways in major depressive disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- YY1 Transcriptionally Activates USP19 to Mediate TRAF6 Deubiquitination to Promote Microglial Inflammation and M1 Polarization in Depression Development.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Review
- Antioxidant dietary patterns mitigate pain and raise psychological wellbeing in ovarian endometrioma: surgical status shapes associations.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Comorbidity of anxiety and dry eye disease: shared biomarkers and immune responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Smart Therapy Model: a Fourth Wave framework for assessment-driven, integrative multimodal biopsychosocial psychotherapy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- The interplay between inflammation and oxidative stress in depression: pathogenic mechanisms and treatment approaches.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Treadmill exercise alleviates depression in female mice induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress through the Inhibition of cGAS-STING signalling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dry Eye Disease and Psychiatric Disorders: Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Role of Long Non-Coding RNA in Anxiety Disorders: A Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Multi-omics integration identifies NK cell dysregulation and a five-gene diagnostic signature in major depressive disorder.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Disentangling sex-specific mechanisms in neuropathic and nociplastic chronic pain: a review.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rates of depression and anxiety have increased significantly in recent decades, with many patients experiencing treatment-resistant symptoms. Beyond psychiatric manifestations, these conditions are associated with heightened risks of suicide, cardiovascular disease, chronic pain, and fatigue. Emerging research suggests that neuroinflammation, immune dysregulation, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction contribute to their pathophysiology, often interacting bidirectionally with stress. While current first-line treatments primarily target neurotransmitter imbalances, many patients do not achieve symptom resolution, highlighting the need for novel approaches. This review explores the role of immune dysfunction, cytokine activity, and neurotransmitter interactions in depression and anxiety. Additionally, we examine how existing pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions influence inflammation and immune responses. Understanding these mechanisms may pave the way for more integrative treatment strategies that combine immune modulation with traditional psychiatric therapies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.