Trial reportMovement disorders clinical practice2025
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Crossover Trial of incobotulinumtoxinA Treatment for Upper Limb Tremor.
Trial report in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Botulinum Toxin in Parkinson's Disease Tremor: A Critical Evaluation of the Evidence and Clinical Practice.Toxins · 2026Review
- Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Tremors.Toxins · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProximal upper limb tremor is a common, functionally disabling condition. Medical therapy is often ineffective. IncobotulinumtoxinA can significantly improve tremor with minimal adverse effects.
objectivesWe aimed to compare clinical, functional, and quality of life measures in patients with proximal upper limb tremor following incobotulinumtoxinA treatment.
methodsWe undertook a double-blind, randomized two-sequence, two-period, two-treatment, placebo-controlled cross-over trial. Twenty adult patients with proximal upper limb tremor were recruited from a tertiary movement disorders clinic. Patients were randomized 1:1 to alternate electromyographically guided intramuscular injections of either incobotulinumtoxinA or saline to the dominant upper limb using computer-generated randomization. Patients were injected at baseline, then 4 months after cross-over. Primary outcome was change in Goal Attainment Rating Scale (GARS) at two-months post intervention. Secondary outcomes were dominant upper limb The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS), Fahn-Tolosa-Marin tremor rating scale (FTM-TRS) and three patient-related outcome measures. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and monthly intervals for 3-months post each intervention.
resultsThere was no significant improvement in the GARS at 2-months post injection (OR 1.83, 95% CI 0.14-24.32). Secondary outcomes showed a mean reduction in TETRAS score of -1.05 (95% CI -1.99 to -0.13) and FTM-TRS of -6.84 (95% CI -12.37 to -1.31) in those receiving incobotulinumtoxinA. There was no significant change in patient-rated outcome scores.
conclusionSingle dose incobotulinumtoxinA injections are effective in reducing objective measures of proximal upper limb tremor and function. This did not translate into improved patient-rated outcomes in this single therapeutic dose study.
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