Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40276886›Full record

ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2025

Persistence of major socio-economic inequalities in childhood measles-mumps-rubella vaccination coverage and timeliness under vaccination mandates, France, 2015 to 2024.

Dimitri Scronias, Lisa Fressard, Laure Fonteneau, Valérie Guagliardo, Pierre Verger

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Sustaining successes and addressing challenges to vaccination - a continued public health mission.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Dimitri ScroniasORS PACA, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory, Marseille, France.
Lisa FressardORS PACA, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory, Marseille, France.
Laure FonteneauSanté publique France (French National Public Health Agency), Saint-Maurice, France.
Valérie GuagliardoORS PACA, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory, Marseille, France.
Pierre VergerORS PACA, Southeastern Health Regional Observatory, Marseille, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

IntroductionSince the late 2000s, several major measles epidemics have occurred in Europe, including France. In 2017, the French Health Ministry extended from three to 11 the number of mandatory childhood vaccines required for preschool and primary school admission; these included the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella (MMR).AimOur aim was to assess if this measure helped to improve MMR vaccine timeliness (VT) or reduce socioeconomic inequalities in MMR vaccine coverage.MethodsA nationwide study of three birth cohorts (2015, 2017, 2019) followed up 2.1 million children for 48 months to assess the course of the timeliness of MMR vaccine dispensation, before and after it became mandatory in France (January 2018). Data came from the French national health insurance fund drug reimbursement database.ResultsDespite improvements from 2015 to 2019, pharmacies dispensed MMR vaccines late for 33% of children in the 2019 cohort (mean cumulative delay compared with recommended dates: 7.1 months). Vaccines for children from low-income families were dispensed later (mean delay of at least +1 month) than those from higher-income families. The 2019 cohort did not reach the 95% WHO target of two MMR doses at 24 months of age, nor at 48 months.DiscussionWith measles intensifying worldwide, these vaccination delays and inequalities may contribute to the resurgence of epidemics. In addition to vaccination mandates, an ambitious public health policy is needed to reduce inequalities in access to vaccination and to improve parents' vaccine acceptance through educational strategies.

Indexed as

Mandatory ProgramsMeaslesMeasles-Mumps-Rubella VaccineMumpsRubellaVaccinationVaccination CoverageBirth CohortChildChild, PreschoolFemaleFranceHumansImmunization ProgramsImmunization ScheduleInfantMeasles-Mumps-Rubella VaccineequalitymeaslesMMR vaccinevaccination coveragevaccination timeliness

Identifiers

PMID40276886
PMCPMC12023726

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.