Introduction: Seed polymorphism, defined as the production of two or more types of diaspores with distinct morphology and ecological function within a species, represents a bet-hedging strategy that enables plants to cope with unpredictable spatiotemporal environmental variability. Previous studies have mainly focused on annual plants; therefore, little is known about in perennial species, particularly in desert constructive plants. Methods: This study investigated seed polymorphism in Results and discussion: Seed polymorphism was prevalent across natural populations within the study region, with different plants producing three distinctly colored diaspores: YY (yellow fruit-wing perianth and yellow pericarp), YP (yellow fruit-wing perianth and pink pericarp), and PP (pink fruit-wing perianth and pink pericarp). The fruit/diaspore biomass and gibberellic acid/abscisic acid ratio were the lowest in YY (0.611 and 0.64, respectively) and the highest in YP (0.684 and 1.56). YY plants exhibited grater drought resistant and produced fewer but more robust seedlings, ensuring population persistence. YP seeds have a higher germination percentage, germination rate, and emergence percentage, facilitating rapid population expansion under favorable conditions. PP seeds showed reduced germination under salt stress, suggesting a potential role as a persistent soil seed bank. These results indicate that