Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40276234›Full record

ArticleFood chemistry: X2025

Volatile profiling from thermal decomposition of Amadori compounds in the alanine-glucose Maillard reaction: An DFT insight of 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine forming mechanism.

Pengxun Gao, Shang Wang, Baomin Feng, Chunying Liu, Yi Wang, Shaohua Dou, Liang Dong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Food chemistry: X, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Turning-Modulated Vertical COFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Pengxun GaoCollege of Life and Health, Dalian Key Laboratory of Animal Immunization, Liaoning Marine Microorganism Engineering and Technology Research Center, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
Shang WangSchool of Biotechnology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
Baomin FengCollege of Life and Health, Dalian Key Laboratory of Animal Immunization, Liaoning Marine Microorganism Engineering and Technology Research Center, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
Chunying LiuCollege of Life and Health, Dalian Key Laboratory of Animal Immunization, Liaoning Marine Microorganism Engineering and Technology Research Center, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
Yi WangSchool of Biotechnology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.
Shaohua DouCollege of Life and Health, Dalian Key Laboratory of Animal Immunization, Liaoning Marine Microorganism Engineering and Technology Research Center, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
Liang DongCollege of Life and Health, Dalian Key Laboratory of Animal Immunization, Liaoning Marine Microorganism Engineering and Technology Research Center, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The composition of volatile compounds generated by the thermal decomposition of Amadori rearrangement products (ARPs) in the Maillard reaction between glucose and alanine was investigated by using a combination of thermal desorption cryo-trapping system and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 25 volatile compounds were detected and identified, including 15 pyrazines, 3 pyridines, 1 pyrrole, and 6 complex nitrogen-containing compounds. The results indicated that pyrazines are the predominant products of the thermal decomposition of ARPs, and the specific formation temperatures of the various volatiles were determined. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) was employed to study the formation mechanism of 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine in depth, and the structures of the reactants, transition states, and products were elucidated. Furthermore, by comparing the rate constants and reaction energy barriers of the different reactions, it was concluded that the synthesis of deoxyglucosones and the ring-forming reaction of pyrazines are the key reactions in the generation pathway of 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine.

Indexed as

3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazineAmadori rearrangement productsGC–MSMaillard reactionVolatile compounds

Identifiers

PMID40276234
PMCPMC12018196

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.